种植陆地棉原位净化污灌区土壤中镉的可行性  

Feasibility of In Situ Cadmium Decontamination of Sewage-Irrigated Soils using Gossypium hirsutum L.

作　　者：朱宇恩[1,2] 李强[1] 赵烨[1] 田青[3] 陈志凡[1] 乔捷娟[1] 吉艳琴[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]山西大学环境与资源学院,山西太原030006 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2010年第2期184-190,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2007CB407302);教育部博士点基金项目(20050027022)

摘　　要：为探讨非食源性作物陆地棉应用于土壤中镉原位净化的可行性,选取华北地区城郊污灌区6块代表性陆地棉样地,运用高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(HR-ICP-MS),测定了土壤及陆地棉根系、秸秆、果壳、纤维、籽粒中消解态全镉含量.结果显示:污灌土壤中w(Cd)平均值为247.26μg/kg,已出现积累现象;陆地棉植株各组织中w(Cd)为果壳(199.1μg/kg)>秸秆(171.8μg/kg)>根系(122.9μg/kg)>籽粒(107.8μg/kg)>纤维(44.8μg/kg);陆地棉植株地上部分w(Cd)的加权平均值为150.2μg/kg,其富集系数(BCF)为0.612,转移系数(TI)为1.22;按陆地棉生物量(干质量)为36 000 kg/hm2计算,种植一季陆地棉可使土壤耕作层中w(Cd)降低2.02μg/kg,降低了0.82%.陆地棉属非食源性经济作物,其地域适应性广,对土壤镉的耐性较强,在污灌区土壤镉的原位净化中具有潜在应用前景.In order to fully understand the feasibility of non-food source plants（i.e. Gossypium hirsutum L.） to serve for in situ decontamination of cadmium in soil,the cadmium contents in the soils and the different organs of the plant（including cotton root,stem,boll,seed and fiber） collected from six typical Gossypium hirsutum L.sample plots in sewage-irrigated fields located in the suburbs in the North China were determined by high resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry（HR-ICP-MS）.The results indicated that the average concentration of Cd in the sewage-irrigated soil was 247.26（μgkg）,which was higher than the soil background value for Cd,revealing Cd accumulation in the soils of sewage-irrigated fields.Concentration or accumulation of Cd in various G.hirsutum L.organs followed the sequence： boll（199.1 （μg/kg）〉 stem（171.8（μg/kg）〉 root（122.9（μg/kg）〉 seed（107.8（μg/kg）〉 fiber（44.8（μg/kg）.The average accumulation concentration of Cd in the shoots was 150.2（μg/kg）.The bioconcentration factor（BCF） and transportation index（TI） were 0.612 and 1.22,respectively.Accordingly,it can be inferred that Cd concentration of the soil may reduce 2.02（μg/kg）（i.e.） 0.82% of total Cd in the soil） for one crop of cotton,based on the assumption of 36,000 kg/hm^2 of dry-weight biomass production.Because G.hirsutum L. belongs to non-food source cash crops and has high tolerance,adaptability and strong absorption to Cd,in situ cadmium decontamination of sewage-irrigated soils using G.hirsutum L.shows a favorable application value and potential.

关 键 词：污灌土壤 陆地棉 镉 原位净化 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]