球茎大麦在大麦育种上的应用——Ⅰ.大麦单倍体的诱导与加倍单倍体的产生  

Use of Hordeum bulbosum in Barley Breeding (I)-Induction of Barley Haploids and Production of Doubled Haploids

作　　者：李浩兵[1] 仲裕泉[1] 徐杰[1] 姚景侠[1] 黄志仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农科院遗传生理研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]扬州大学农学院农学系,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》1998年第6期660-664,共5页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;江苏省应用基础资助项目

摘　　要：以三种栽培大麦品种为母本,三种球茎大麦为父本进行杂交。诱导栽培大麦单倍体,结果杂交成胚率平均为47.9％,幼胚离体培养成苗率平均为54.0％。这些胚培苗的根尖细胞染色体数目分别含有7,14,21条,不同组合杂交后代含有的染色体数目不同,所有含有7条染色体的后代,其染色体C-带带型显示为父本栽培大麦的染色体,表明该后代为栽培大麦单倍体,用滴加0.04％秋水仙素的Knop溶液进行单倍体植株的染色体加倍,结果加倍率达90％以上,另外,我们还讨论了染色体消失法诱导单倍体的优越性及其机理。Three varieties of H. vulgare as maternal parents were crossed with three varieties of H. bulbosum to induce haploids in their progeny, on average 47. 8% of the pollinatedflorets formed embryos. The immature embryos were cultured in vitro and 54. 0% of them grewinto seedlings. The root-tip cells of those seedlings were observed and their chromosome numberswere found to be 7, 14, or 21 in different crosses, all seedlings whose chromosome number 7were Haploids. The C-banding pattern of their chromosomes was similar to that of their maternalparents. Knop solution added with 0. 04% colchicine was used to double the chromosome numberof the haploids, and a doubling rate of 90. 0% was obtained. Advantages and mechanisms of applying the chromosome elimination technique were discussed.

关 键 词：球茎大麦 大麦 育种 单倍体 

分 类 号：S512.303.2[农业科学—作物学]