新型电极体系电解处理高浓度酸性TNT废水的研究  

Preliminary study on the new electrode system electrolytic acidic sewage with high concentrations of TNT

作　　者：闫明星[1,2] 刘青兰[1] 付煜[1] 孙文彬[1] 谢嫚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化工与环境学院,北京100081 [2]海军工程设计研究局,北京100070

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2010年第1期45-47,共3页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：通过大量试验研究了电解处理TNT废水的条件,尤其是筛选、制备了多种电极材料,在三维电极体系,低电流、短时间条件下电解处理TNT的去除率达到95%以上,pH值提高至6以上,大大节省了能源,为火炸药工业酸性TNT废水的处理提供了一种新型有效的处理方法。用本方法对实际工业"黄水"进行电解处理,获得了较为满意的效果。This paper takes as its research focus on the treatment of acidic TNT sewage by using composite electrode and 3-dimensinal electrolysis system. As a matter of fact, since the selection of electrode is a key step in electrolysis, we have made a considerable study on choosing suitable electrode materials. That is to say, first of all, through electrolyzing the acidic TNT sewage by using different materi- als for anode, such as stainless steel, Pt, Au, Graphite, activated carbon fibre, a conclusion has been made that the best material for preparing anode should be gained from the activated carbon fibre coating stainless steel mesh. Secondly, experiments with the acidic TNT sewage electrolysis by using different materials for cathode, a- greement among the members of the research group has been arrived at that the best cathode should be a composite electrode （i.e. the # 3 in the experiments）. Thirdly, electrolysis has repeatedly been done of the acidic TNT sewage by the best anode and the best cathode at the same time. Fourthly, the third experiment with the 3-dimensinal electrolysis system has been repeated so as to get the ideal result for the best composite electrodes. Finally, electrolysis of the acidic TNT ＂yellow water＂ has been repeatedly done with the best anode and the best cathode at the same time in a 3-dimensinal electrolysis system. The above experiments help us to gain the following results ： （ 1 ） TNT degradation rate proves to get to 95 % with the pH volume coming up to the sewage discharge standard; （2） The use of the above technique helps to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the acidic TNT sewage treating under micro-current density in a short period of time, which leads to a significant reduction of energy consumption. Thus, it proves the possibility of industrialization of treating acidic explosive sewage by electrolysis.

关 键 词：环境工程学 电解处理 TNT 电极 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]