华北克拉通的形成演化与成矿作用  

Tectonic evolution and metallogenesis of North China Craton

作　　者：翟明国[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所中国科学院矿产资源重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《矿床地质》2010年第1期24-36,共13页Mineral Deposits

基　　金：国家基础研究重点项目(2006CB403504);国家自然科学基金项目(40672128;90714003;40721062)的研究成果

摘　　要：华北克拉通具有38亿年的漫长历史,特别是与其他克拉通相比,它有更为复杂的多阶段的构造演化史,记录了几乎所有的地壳早期发展与中生代以来的重大构造事件。在太古宙,华北克拉通经历了>3.0Ga的陆核与微陆块的形成;2.7～2.9Ga的陆壳增生;2.5Ga的岩浆、变质作用与克拉通化;2.3～1.9Ga的古元古代活动(造山)带;1.8Ga的基底隆升与裂谷-非造山岩浆事件。在新元古代—古生代,华北克拉通处于相对稳定的地台状态,其南、北缘受到秦岭造山带和中亚造山带的影响;在中生代,华北克拉通则经历了强烈的中生代构造格局的转变和克拉通的破坏与重建;在新生代,华北克拉通的东缘属于环太平洋构造带的一部分。与上述重大构造事件相对应,华北克拉通出现大规模的成矿作用,形成了丰富多样的固体矿产资源。华北克拉通的形成与演化及其不同类型的成矿系统,为深刻理解大地构造背景对成矿作用的制约提供了范例。The North China Craton （NCC） is one of the oldest cratons in the world,with the age of the old crust up to ～3.8 Ga. It has a complicated evolution history and has recorded almost all the important geological events of the Earth. The main early Precambrian geological events and key tectonic issues are as follows：Old continental nuclei and main crustal growth in the NCC took place at 2.7～2.9 Ga; By 2.5 Ga,the micro-blocks had amalgamated to form a coherent craton; the 2300～1950 Ma Paleoproterozoic mobile belts came into being; the 1800 Ma lower crust uplifted as a whole; and there occurred mafic dyke swarm,continental rifting and intrusion of orogenic magmatic association. In the period of Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic,the NCC was tectonically inactive but was affected by the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The North China Craton probably experienced disruption and reconstruction in Mesozoic and belonged to the Circling Pacific Orogenic Belt in Cenozoic. The North China Craton has abundant ore deposits corresponding in age to the above important geological events. Mesozoic metallogenesis was closely related to Mesozoic tectonic inversion and lithospheric thinning. The main ore-forming types include porphyry Mo-polymetallic deposits and large-scale metallogenic gold explosion related to partial melting of the basement and granitic intrusion.

关 键 词：地质学 华北克拉通 陆壳演化 构造背景 成矿作用 

分 类 号：P611[天文地球—矿床学]