西双版纳野生薏苡种质资源的性状比较  

Characteristics of germplasm resources in Coix from Xishuangbanna

作　　者：彭建明[1] 高微微[2] 彭朝忠[1] 何春年[2] 张琪[3] 毕武[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所云南分所,云南景洪666100 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [3]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2010年第4期415-418,共4页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI09B01-03)

摘　　要：目的:对生于我国西双版纳地区海拔550～1 550 m不同生态环境中的野生薏苡种质资源的植物学、生物学及经济学性状进行对比分析,为薏苡品质改良提供育种材料。方法:通过小区栽培对比实验,比较9份野生薏苡种质的种子发芽率、生育期及生长状况;并对出米率、薏苡仁中蛋白质、粗脂肪及乙醇浸出物含量等农艺和经济性状进行测定。结果:9份野生薏苡种子发芽率为22%～80%,生育期在139～156 d,属中晚熟类型;不同种质之间株高、叶片大小、分蘖数、分枝数、单茎结实数等具有显著差异;乙醇浸出物均在5.8%以上,大于5.5%的药典标准;脂肪在5.05%～7.14%;蛋白质在15.63%～25.74%。结论:西双版纳地区野生薏苡种质资源在植株形态特征、生物学及品质特性方面均存在较大差异,多样性丰富。Objective： To evaluate the genetic diversity among wild germplasm resources of Coix that distributed at altitude of 550-1 550 m in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan province by comparing the morphological variation,biological and economical factors.Method： The field plot experiments were conducted to observation the germination rate,growth period.While the milled rice rate,content of protein,crude fat and ethanol extract of 9 wild Coix germplasm resources were measured.Result： The germination rate of 9 germplasm was from 22% to 81%,and the growth period was among 139-156 d,which belongs to the medium-late mature type.The germination rate,growth stage,plant height,leaf length and width,tiller number,ramification number,seed number per stem of 9 Coix germplasm were significantly different（P〈0.05）,respectively.The range of seed total protein contents were from 15.63%-25.74%,crude fat contents were from 5.05%-7.14%,and the contents of alcohol extract,which showed antitumor activity,were from 5.85%-7.27%.Conclusion： The fact of quite different in plant morphological,biological and quality characters of 9 germplasm suggested that the genetic diversity in the wild populations of Coix distributed throughout the regions of Xishuangbanna is relatively abundant.

关 键 词：薏苡 野生种质 生物学性状 经济学性状 西双版纳 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]