人工栽培铁皮石斛多糖含量变异规律  

Quantitive variation of polysaccharides content in cultivated Dendrobium candidum

作　　者：诸燕[1] 斯金平[1] 郭宝林[2] 何伯伟 张爱莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江林学院天然药物研发中心,浙江临安311300 [2]中国医学科学院药用植物研究所,北京100094 [3]浙江省中药材产业协会,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2010年第4期427-430,共4页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项(2007C13029);浙江省重大林业科技项目(2007A12)

摘　　要：目的:全面了解人工栽培铁皮石斛药材多糖质量分数,以及种质、采收年限等因素与多糖质量分数的关系,为优质铁皮石斛药材培育提供依据。方法:采集浙江铁皮石斛人工设施栽培骨干基地(产量占全国90%以上)11个种质一至三年生(生理年龄)的33个样品,并分别记载其形态特征;采用苯酚-硫酸比色法测定铁皮石斛多糖质量分数。结果:全国铁皮石斛骨干企业生产的二年生铁皮石斛其多糖平均质量分数达34.47%(25.63%～41.65%);不同种质、生理年龄的铁皮石斛多糖质量分数存在显著差异,5号种质多糖质量分数最低,一年生、二年生、三年生多糖质量分数分别为19.77%,25.63%,11.83%,10号种质最高,一年生、二年生、三年生多糖质量分数分别为33.31%,41.35%,28.39%。结论:全国人工栽培骨干基地生产的铁皮石斛,其多糖质量分数普遍高于野生药材,种质与生长年限显著影响多糖质量分数;铁皮石斛品种选育与采收年限的控制可提高多糖质量分数,浙江产区铁皮石斛最佳采收时间为两年生冬季至三年生开花前。Objective： To reveal the variation content of polysaccharides in cultivated Dendrobium candidum and the relationship between germplasms,harvesting and polysaccharides content for the breeding of quality of D.candidium.Method： The morphological characteristics were recorded when 33 samples were collected.The content of polysaccharides was determined by phenol-sulphuric acid method.Result： The average content of polysaccharides in 2-year-old samples was 34.47%（25.63%-41.65%）.The polysaccharides content of samples were significantly different among germplasms and physiological ages.Conclusion： The polysaccharides content of cultivated D.candidum is higher than that of wild materials.Germplasms and physiological age impact on the polysaccharides content significantly.D.candidum breeding and the control of harvesting can increase polysaccharides content.

关 键 词：铁皮石斛 种质 形态特征 生理年龄 总多糖 苯酚-硫酸法 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]