民族药铁棒锤炮制减毒原理初步研究  

Study on processing principle of Aconitum pendulum

作　　者：王毓杰[1] 张静[1] 田会萍[1] 曾陈娟[1] 姚喆[1] 张艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学,四川成都611137

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2010年第5期588-592,共5页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAI48B08-6)

摘　　要：目的:研究铁棒锤不同炮制方法的炮制减毒原理。方法:采用高效液相色谱法和急性毒性试验比较铁棒锤炮制前后化学成分和毒性的变化。结果:生品中的主要毒性成分为乌头碱、去氧乌头碱和3-乙酰乌头碱,炮制品中这3种生物碱的含量降低,苯甲酰乌头原碱的含量增加,新出现了polyschistine-D,beyzoyldeoxyaconine,16-epi-pyroaconitine,16-epi-pyrodeoxya-conitine等生品中所不含的生物碱,从结构上分析,这些新增的成分由乌头碱等毒性成分转化而来。结论:铁棒锤的炮制减毒原理与乌头碱等有毒成分通过酯键水解和高温热解的方式转化成毒性小的成分有关,不同炮制方法均能够达到减毒的目的。Objective： To study the processing principles of different processed products of Aconiturn pendulum. Method： Using high performance liquid chromatography and acute toxicity test to compare the changes in chemical composition and toxicity of the roots and processed products of A. pendulum. Result： The main toxic components of the roots of A. pendulum were aconitine, deoxyaconitine and 3-acetylaconitine. The contents of these three alkaloids were significantly reduced in processed products, while benzoylaconitine significantly increased. In addition, processed products emerged aconine, polyschistine-D, beyzoyldeoxyaconine, 16-epi-pyroaconitine and 16-epi-pyrodeoxyaconitine. From the structural analysis, these new emerged compounds transformed from the aconitine, deoxyaconitine and 3-acetylaconitine. Conclusion： Different processing methods can reduce the toxicity of the roots of A. pendulum. Processing principle is ester hydrolysis and high-temperature pyrolysis.

关 键 词：铁棒锤 毛茛科 二萜生物碱 炮制 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]