语言测试标准研究:回顾、反思和启迪  

A study of language testing standards:Review,reflection and inspiration

作　　者：范劲松[1] 金艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外语界》2010年第1期82-91,共10页Foreign Language World

基　　金：上海市科技创新项目“标准化语言测试设计和实施的标准研究和制订”资助,是该项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：国内大规模语言测试自20世纪80年代以来取得了很大发展。这些考试往往是超大规模的高风险考试，而且对教学产生了重大的反拨作用。因此，这些考试本身的质量如何，考试的使用是否恰当，成为引人关注的问题。如果能够建立一套符合中国国情、适合中国语言测试特点的标准，指导规范考试开发者和使用者在考试各个阶段的行为，必将能够使语言测试更为公平、有效，从而也能使测试对语言教学产生更为积极的反拨作用。自20世纪50年代，尤其是近二十年来，世界各地的语言测试专家和教育工作者携手合作，在制定语言测试标准的研究和实践方面取得了许多重要成果。本文回顾了近二十年来语言测试界在标准制定方面所取得的成果，并且对这些标准进行了反思，以期能够对我们制定适合中国国情的语言测试标准有所启迪。Large-scale standardized language tests have developed with great momentum since the 1980s in China. Most of these tests are high-stakes ones, exerting significant washback effects on teaching and learning in the country. Therefore, whether these tests per se are scientifically designed and whether they are appropriately used become im- portant concerns. If we establish a set of standards which cater to the specific circumstances and the needs of language testing in China, direct and guide the practices of test developers and users in the entire testing process, then we can make these tests more scientific and objective and fairer to stakeholders. Since the 1950s, especially in the past 20 years, language testers around the world have Collaborated with educationalists to establish many important standards. This paper reviews the achievements in the field of standard setting and reflects on these standard setting initiatives, which, hopefully, can provide us with inspirations for our own standard setting endeavor.

关 键 词：语言测试 测试设计 实施 使用 标准制定 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]