室内挥发性有机化合物污染评价方法的研究  

Study on Assessment Method of Indoor Air Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution

作　　者：董小艳[1] 常君瑞[1] 李韵谱[1] 王秦[1] 王桂芳[1] 唐志刚[1] 徐东群[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2010年第2期124-126,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：科技部社会公益基金项目(2002DIA10007);中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所中青年基金资助项目

摘　　要：目的提出一种评价室内空气中总挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)污染的方法。方法首先确定目标化合物,然后规定仪器设备、样品分析和结果计算等方面的要求,以化合物的浓度与毒性指数的比值计算ITVOC。通过实际样品的监测,比较ITVOC和TVOC两种室内VOCs污染评价方法之间的关系和不同。结果考虑了污染物的毒性指数后,相对于TVOC,不同毒性化合物在ITVOC中所占比例发生了显著变化,毒性大的化合物比例升高,毒性小的比例下降,建立了ITVOC值和人体健康的直接联系。实际样品监测显示,所选择的31种目标化合物具有较好的代表性。结论 ITVOC综合考虑了污染物的浓度和毒性指数,使评价室内VOCs污染,尤其是VOCs污染对人体健康的影响更加科学、合理;此外,该研究通过确定目标化合物的方法把VOCs的监测限定在特定范围内,使监测更加方便可行,提高了结果的可比性。Objective To develop a new method for the assessment of the pollution of indoor volatile organic compounds （VOCs）. Methods A new lwoc method was established from the following steps： determining the target VOCs and instruments, analyzing samples and calculating the ITVOC using concentration by toxicity of compounds. Air samples were collected in new decorating houses, both the ITVOC and TVOC methods had been put into use in the study to validate the feasibility and rationality of ITVOC assessment. Results The results indicated that there was significant difference in the proportion of compounds with different toxicity between TVOC and ITVOC Compounds with higher toxicity could play a more important role in ITVOC which could reflect the health impact more directly, and it was also proved that the selected 31 target VOCs had relatively high representative of indoor VOCs. Conclusion ITVOC method is more scientific and rational for assessing the pollution of indoor VOCs, especially assessing the health impact to VOCs. Limiting target VOCs in the particular range of monitoring will make the monitoring more feasible and comparable.

关 键 词：空气污染 室内 挥发性有机化合物 毒性指数 总挥发性有机化合物 ITVOC 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]