历代医案中的29个眼部症状单元  

The 29 Symptomatic Units of Eyes' Disease in the Clinical Records of the Past Dynasties

作　　者：于东林[1] 田欣[1] 王义国[2] 张磊[1] 张启明[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学,山东济南250355 [2]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《辽宁中医杂志》2010年第3期406-407,共2页Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2003CB517101);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30772695);中国中医科学院自主选题项目(ZZ2006022);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAI08B01-05);国家科技重大专项课题(2009ZX10005-019)

摘　　要：总结历代医案中眼部四诊信息的2444种不同描述,确立了29个眼部症状单元:白睛黄染、白睛色青、白睛红赤、眼睑红赤、眼眶发黑、眵多、多泪、目盲、星膜翳障、羞明、歧视、夜盲、目闭不开、胬肉攀睛、睡眼露睛、瞳神散大、瞳神缩小、眼球突起、眼歪斜、眼睑下垂、瞪目直视、横目斜视、两目上视、目瞤、目痛、目痒、目酸、目胀、目光呆滞。与中医学权威著作比较,①白睛色青、目闭不开是从历代医案中的新发现;②目开不闭、睫毛倒入、目畏热、白睛溢血是中医学权威著作的新认识。与西医学权威著作比较,①眼球震颤、昼盲、偏盲、色觉障碍、视物变形尚未引起中医足够的重视;②眼眶发黑、目闭不开、睡眼露睛、目光呆滞、目酸、目胀在西医学权威著作中没有阐述。Summarizing 2444 descriptions from the clinical records of the well-known physicians in the history of Chinese medicine,29 symptomatical units of the eyes＇ disease were confirmed in the paper.They are yellow sclera,green sclera,red sclera,red eyelid,black eyepit,excessive eye secretion,lots of tear,blindness,vitreous opacity,photophobia,diplopia,night blindness,not willing to open eyes,covered with pterygium,sleeping with eyes opened,mydriasis,myosis,exophthalmos,hypereuryopia of one eye,ptosis of upper eyelid,stare with opened eyelet,loxophthalmus,up-looking,wink,pain of eyes,itch of eyes,fatigue of eyes,expanding of eyes,dull stare.Comparing with the symptoms in the authoritative works of Chinese medicine,①green sclera,not willing to open eyes is the new finding.②eyes can＇t be closed,trichiasis,hating to the heat,blood-extravasation on scleras are not described in the clinical records of the past dynasties.Comparing with the symptoms in the authoritative works of Western medicine,①Chinese medicine hasn＇t paid enough attention to nystagmus,day blindness,hemianopia,disfunction of color sensation,dysmorphopsia.②black eyepit,not willing to open eyes,sleeping with eyes opened,dull stare,fatigue of eyes,expanding of eyes hasn＇t been paid attention by Western medicine.

关 键 词：眼疾 症状单元 历代医案 中医诊断 

分 类 号：R249[医药卫生—中医临床基础]