晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区刺槐人工林枯落物水文特性  

Hydrologic Characteristics of Litter Under Artificial Black Locust Forest in the Hilly and Gully Area of Western Shanxi Province

作　　者：赵陟峰[1,2] 赵廷宁[1] 叶海英[1] 杨小梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]甘肃省水土保持科学研究所,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2010年第1期69-73,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划专题“黄土高原丘陵沟壑半干旱区水土保持抗旱造林及径流林业技术试验示范”(2006BAD03A1201)

摘　　要：通过对山西省方山县土桥沟流域不同密度、不同林龄刺槐人工林枯落物蓄积量及其持水性能的研究,得出了不同林分枯落物的蓄积量、持水量、吸水速率等特性参数。结果表明,各林分枯落物总蓄积量在1.89～9.30t/hm2之间,其中9a刺槐林蓄积量>15a刺槐林>20a刺槐林。枯落物最大持水量及最大持水率均为20a>15a>9a,密度为3333株/hm2时持水量最大,密度为1111株/hm2时持水量最小。枯落物未分解层和半分解层在前0.25h吸水速率最大,在前2h内降低幅度最大,以后逐渐减弱,浸水24h时吸水速率趋近于零。从人工林水文生态功能的角度分析,晋西半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区刺槐人工林的适宜密度为1667株/hm2。Litter storage and its water capacity are studied in the artificial black locust （Robinia Pseudoacacia） forest of different densities and ages in Tuqiaogou watershed of Fangshan County, Western Shanxi Province. Litter storage and characteristic parameters, such as water holding capacity and water absorption speed, are determined. Results show that by the litter amount, the artificial black locust forests of different ages are in the order of 9 years old forest〉15 years old forest〉20 years old forest. The quantity ranges from 1.89 to 9.30 t/hm^2. By the maximum water holding capacity and the maximum rate of retention, the artifi- cial black locust forests of different ages are in the order of 20 years old forest〉15 years old forest〉9 years old forest. Water holding capacity for the density of 3 333 stands/hm^2 is the greatest and for the density of 1 111 stands/hm^2 , the least. Undecomposed and half-decomposed litters absorb water very fast in the beginning 0.25 h; between 0 and 2 h, water absorption speed drops quickly; and the speed slows down gradually and approaches to 0 after immersed for 24 h. In the hilly and gully area of the loess plateau of Western Shanxi Province, the suitable stand density of artificial black locust forest is 1 667 stands/hm^2.

关 键 词：黄土丘陵沟壑区 刺槐人工林 枯落物 水文特性 

分 类 号：S152.481[农业科学—土壤学]