放牧对典型草原土壤中几种生态因子影响的研究  

Effect of grazing on several ecological factors of the soil in typical Steppe

作　　者：高雪峰[1] 武春燕[1] 韩国栋[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2010年第4期130-133,共4页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30360022)资助

摘　　要：研究了放牧强度对典型草原土壤中的微生物量氮、碳,微生物数量,五种酶活性和土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明:放牧对草原土壤中微生物量以及微生物数量的影响很显著,围栏和轻度放牧有利于保持或提高土壤中各类微生物数量,过度放牧则使土壤中的微生物量和微生物数量显著降低,同时,随放牧强度的增加,土壤的呼吸强度显著降低;轻度放牧使三类水解酶活性增加或极显著增加,中度和重度放牧导致此三类酶活性显著降低,不同程度的放牧均导致土壤中两类氧化酶活性增加;适度放牧有利于速磷的增加,而过度放牧则导致全磷、全氮和速效氮的显著降低。The effects of grazing intensity on soil microbial biomass of microorganism,number of microbes,five kinds enzyme activity and physical and chemical properties of steppe soil were studied.The results showed that grazing affects of grassland soil microbes and microbial biomass significantly;fencing and mild grazing maintain or increase the number of microbes in soil,overgrazing results in soil microorganisms in the volume and a significantly reducting the number of microbes.At the same time,with the increase in intensity grazing,soil respiration rate is significantly declined;mild grazing increases the activity of three types of hydrolysis or significantly increases;moderate and severe grazing lead to the three categories of activity decrease significantly;different levels of grazing lead to two types of soil enzyme activity increasing;moderate grazing increases the phosphorus,and over-grazing resultes in total phosphorus,nitrogen and available nitrogen in a significant reduction.

关 键 词：放牧 土壤 微生物 酶活性 理化因子 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]