不同高产玉米品种干物质积累转运与产量形成的研究  

Relationship between dry matter accumulation and distribution to yield of different maize Cultivars

作　　者：马赟花[1] 薛吉全[1] 张仁和[1] 张林春[1] 郝扬[1] 孙娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2010年第3期36-40,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30971722);国家"973"计划项目(2009BC118604);陕西省重大科技专项(2008KZGD-02)

摘　　要：选用3个具有高产潜力的玉米杂交种京单28、登海601与陕单8806,采用75000株/hm2的密度大田种植,测量不同生育期的叶面积与各器官的干物质积累量。结果表明:3个高产玉米杂交种京单28、登海601与陕单8806产量均可达到11200kg/hm2以上,成熟时叶面积系数均在3.5以上,花后干物质再分配分别占籽粒产量的15.25%、14.67%和10.72%,是籽粒增产的主要来源。高产玉米品种的保绿性较好,叶片衰老缓慢,光合功能期长,花后干物质转移对籽粒增产的贡献较大,在高产栽培调控中如何促进花后干物质向籽粒的转移是进一步获得高产的重要途径。This experiment selected three maize cultivars （JD28,SD8806,DH601） which had high yield potential, planted them at 75 000 plants/ hm^2 randomly in the farmlands. Measured dry matter of different organs, leaf area index at different growth stages. The results showed that the yield of JD28,SD8806 and DH601 achieved 11 200 kg/hm^2 above; LAI maintained 3.5 at mature stage; The contribution rate of dry matte distribution from organs to grains were 15.25% ,14.67% and 10.72% respectively. Dry matte distribution was the main source of the increased part of the grain yield. The leaves of high-yielding maize varieties were good at keeping green, so leaf senescence was slow and the photosynthetic period was long, and the dry matter distributions played a big role in production increasing of high-yielding maize varieties, so one of the important measures to obtain the high yield was to promote the dry matter distribution rate in the high yield-planting process.

关 键 词：玉米品种 高产 物质积累与分配 贡献率 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]