重庆市渝东北地区土壤侵蚀空间分布  

Soil Erosion Factor and Sensitivity Evaluation of Northeastern Area of Chongqing

作　　者：孙凡[1] 刘伯云[1] 游翔[2] 杨松[2] 李霞[1] 杜洋文[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]四川省水土保持生态环境监测总站,成都610041

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第2期26-30,共5页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家863计划项目(No.20060110Z4047);国家科技支撑计划课题(No.2008BAD98B01)

摘　　要：渝东北地区地处重庆市东部的三峡库区地域,位于长江上游生态屏障的最前沿,其水土流失对三峡水利枢纽工程的安全运行和整个长江流域生态安全有着重要影响。选择降雨侵蚀力、地形起伏度、土壤质地和植被覆盖等自然因子作为水土流失敏感性的评价指标,根据重庆市自然环境特征制定评价指标的分级标准,在GIS和RS技术支持下,通过多因子叠加计算得到重庆市水土流失极敏感区面积1159.41km2,占幅员面积的3.93%;高度敏感区面积4892.19km2,占16.59%;中度敏感区面积7014.4km2,占23.79%;轻度敏感区面积2882.97km2,占9.78%;一般敏感区面积13673.94km2,占46.38%。指出了重庆市渝东地区极敏感区、高度敏感区、中度敏感区、轻度敏感区和一般敏感区等不同土壤侵蚀敏感区的空间分布。水土流失极敏感区主要分布于开县、云阳、城口;高度敏感区主要分布于开县、云阳、巫山、奉节、梁平这一带;轻度敏感区主要分布于巫溪、梁平一带。提出了有效控制该地区土壤侵蚀的对策建议。Northeastern area is located in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Chongqing eastern and forward position of the upper reaches ecological protective screen of the Yangtze River. The eco-environment of the Yangtze River and Three Gorges Reservoir Region is severely impacted by serious soil erosion in that region. Take the Universal Soil Loss Equation （USLE） as the foundation, and the choice of the rains etching power, the terrain fluctuation degree, the soil texture and the vegetation cover and so on, the natural factor is as the soil erosion sensitive appraisal target. According to target graduation standard of the Chongqing natural environment characteristic formulation appraisal, we utilize GIS and RS technology, and obtain that the extremely sensitive area of Chongqing is 1 159.41 km^2, the highly sensitive area is 4 892.19 km2, the moderate sensitive area is 7 014.4 km^2, the mild sensitive area is 2 882.97km^2 , and the general sensitive area is 13 673.94 km^2 , It accounts for 3.93%, 16.59%, 23.79%, 9.78% and 46.38% respectively in Chongqing. Through the muhi-factors superimposition computation result, we have pointed out the Chongqing Northeastern area extremely sensitive area is in Kaixian, Yunyang and Chengkou county mostly, the highly sensitive area is in Kaixian, Yunyang, Wushan, Fengjie and Liangping county mostly, the mild sensitive area is in Wuqi and Liangping county mostly. We have put forward the ountermeasure to countrol this area soil erosion.

关 键 词：渝东北地区 土壤侵蚀 敏感性评价 水土流失 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]