上海市崇明岛不同模式农田防护林对水稻产量的影响  

Rice yield of five farmland shelter-belt models on Chongming Island,Shanghai

作　　者：沈青叶[1,2] 李晴[1,2] 邹春静[1,2] 张超[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《浙江林学院学报》2010年第2期198-204,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAC01A14);国家自然科学基金重点项目(90511608);中法国际合作项目(063907040);上海市科委重大科研专项(06DZL2303);上海市科委重大项目(07DZ12037)

摘　　要：选取农田防护林主要模式,调查其结构特征,探讨防护林对所防护的水稻Oryza sativa产量和千粒质量的影响。经统计分析,结合林带疏透度及水稻防护效益,得到每种模式最佳防护区域,找出最佳防护模式,从而优化崇明岛农田防护林模式。结果表明:5种模式农田防护林都能使水稻增产,提高水稻千粒质量,并有利于叶面积指数的增加;同一样地不同树高倍数处产量及千粒质量差异显著,空间数值变化趋势相同;不同模式增产效益有较大区别,5种模式增产效益为:池杉Taxodium ascendens模式>水杉Metasequoia glyptostroboides-柳杉Cryptomeria fortunei混交模式>水杉模式>杨树Popular spp.模式>柳杉模式;5种模式防护林林带平均疏透度变化范围为0.31～0.39,高于最适值范围,树干疏透度偏大;最佳防护区域均为林带树高的5～10倍(5H～10H),混交林比纯林具有更好的防护效益;水杉-柳杉混交模式为最佳防护模式,池杉模式、水杉模式次之,杨树模式和柳杉模式居后。Farmland shelter-belts are the main component of Chongming Island＇s shelter forest network. The objective of this study was to select the optimum farmland shelterbelt type by determining the optimal shelter forest, and C. fortunei forest） and surveying the community structure, rice yield and 1 000-grain weight were determined for each shelter forest. Results showed that at different distances within the same sample plot, forest protection significantly improved rice yield and 1 000-grain weight; leaf area index also improved. Among the different models, yield increase was in the order T. ascendens〉the mixed forest of M. glyptostroboides and C. fortunei 〉 M. glyptostroboides 〉 Populus spp. 〉 C. fortunei. The range of shelter forest porosity was 0.31 - 0.39, and the most effective protective distance was 5H （fivefold height of the tree）- 10H. In addition, the mixed forest was better than the monotypic forest with the mixed forest of M. glyptostroboides and C. fortunei being the optimal shelterbelt model. [Ch. 3 fig. 3 tab 21 ref.]

关 键 词：农田防护林 林带疏透度 水稻产量 千粒质量 叶面积指数 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]