新疆香梨产区外源授粉梨花粉萌芽力检测  

Detection on Germination Ability of Pollen of Pollinized Pear Introduced from External Sources in Fragrant Pear Producing Area in Xinjiang

作　　者：何天明[1] 黎秀丽[1] 吴玉霞[1] 李疆[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2010年第2期120-124,共5页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2007BAD36B05);农业部行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-026)

摘　　要：通过实验室检测结合大田人工授粉实验,对5种外源梨花粉的质量进行了检测,旨在建立和优化一套梨花粉质量的检测体系。结果表明,目前香梨产区外源花粉质量参差不齐,存在的主要问题是部分花粉来源不明,品种不详,政府对花粉经营监管缺位。得利红、育果、河北鸭梨三种外来花粉质量可靠,而河北梨花粉和永丰两种花粉质量堪忧,不宜用于实际生产。点授和喷授两种方法都可显著提高坐果率。在良好授粉条件下,放蜂同样可以收到与人工授粉相同的增产效果。The 5 kinds of pear pollen quality from the external sources were detected whose purpose was to establish and optimize the detection system about the quality of pear pollen by the lab and field experiment. The result revealed that there was significant difference among samples tested. Most kinds of pollen was unknown of sources and cultivar. Moreover, there was lack of effective management of local government. The pollen called ＂Delihong＂,＂Yuguo＂ and ＂Hebai Yali＂ were proved to be qualified to use in field production. ＂Yongfeng＂ and ＂Hebaili＂ could not be effective for their poor quality. The two artificial pollinating ways （spraying and dotting）could improve fruit-set obviously. In a good pollination condition, beepollination could produce similar percentage of fruitset with artificial pollination.

关 键 词：香梨 花粉 授粉 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]