不锈钢粉末的选择性激光熔化快速成形工艺研究  

Study on the Technique During Selective Laser Melting of Stainless Steel Powder

作　　者：史玉升[1] 李瑞迪[1] 章文献[1] 刘锦辉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]黑龙江科技学院现代制造工程中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150027

出　　处：《电加工与模具》2010年第B04期67-72,共6页Electromachining & Mould

基　　金：国家863高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2007AA03Z115)

摘　　要：为了揭示选择性激光熔化快速成形过程中工艺对成形金属零件的影响规律,以不锈钢粉末为对象展开研究。首先,进行了单道扫描实验,结果表明水雾化制备的不锈钢粉末的单道扫描线不连续,球化现象严重,分析了其原因;然后,采用不同的成形工艺,成形出了金属块体,结果表明成形件的致密度与激光能量密度满足指数关系ρ=ρm-Aexp(-Ψ/K);最后,对选择性激光熔化成形件内部的显微组织进行了扫描电镜与光学显微分析,结果表明该组织极细小且不均匀,具有柱状和蜂窝状结构,熔化界面处的温度梯度最大,其组织变化最为剧烈。In order to disclose the effect discipline of forming quality, this paper focused on the investigation into Selective Laser Melting （SLM） technique. Firstly, the single scan tracks were investigated, and the results showed that the scan tracks obtained from water-atomized powder were discontinuous, combined with many metallic balls. The causes are analysised. Then, SLM parts were produced by different laser parameters and the densities were measured. The results showed that a densification equation between the laser energy and final part density can be obtained：ρ=ρm-Aexp（-ψ/K） Similarly, the gas-atomized powder showed a better densifieation compared with water-atomized powder during SLM process. The internal mierostructure of SLM part was studied, the resulted showed that the microstructure was very fine and uneven, exhibiting columnar and cellular structure. Moreover, the temperature in the melting interface tends to change significantly, causing a visible microstrueture variation.

关 键 词：选择性激光熔化快速成形 工艺 不锈钢粉末 

分 类 号：TG669[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]