饲喂纳豆枯草芽胞杆菌对荷斯坦犊牛瘤胃细菌区系的影响  

Effect of Feeding Bacillus subtilis natto on Rumen Bacteria Population of Holstein Calves

作　　者：于萍[1] 王加启[1] 刘开朗[1] 卜登攀[1] 李旦[1] 赵圣国[1] 邓露芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点试验室,北京100193

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2010年第1期108-113,共6页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972117);动物营养学国家重点实验室(No.2004DA125184(团)0801)共同资助

摘　　要：本研究选取8头(60日龄)犊牛随机分为对照组和处理组,对照组犊牛饲喂开食料,处理组在开食料中添加纳豆枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)(1×106CFU/g日粮)菌液,于断奶后2个月进行屠宰,采集瘤胃食糜构建16SrDNA克隆文库,随机挑取克隆进行测序,对照组16SrDNA克隆文库共有111个克隆,可分为88个操作分类单元;处理组16SrDNA克隆文库中有142个克隆,可分为131个操作分类单元。序列分析和多样性指数分析表明,两组犊牛瘤胃细菌区系多样性存在显著差异。拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和壁厚菌门(Firmicutes)是两克隆文库中主要的代表菌群。对照组和处理组中的拟杆菌门分别占文库中总克隆数的38%和25%,而壁厚菌门分别占47%和57%。与瘤胃球菌相关的克隆在对照组克隆文库中分别占5%,而在处理组文库中分别占10%。RT-PCR结果显示,处理组中白色瘤胃球菌(R.albus)(log107.7/mL)和黄色瘤胃球菌(R.flavefaciens)(log108.1/mL)的数量比对照组(分别为log107.2/mL和log107.7/mL)分别增加了3倍和2.4倍。研究结果提示,饲喂纳豆枯草芽胞杆菌有助于促进断奶后犊牛瘤胃中细菌区系的建立,促进纤维分解菌群的定植和生长。Eight Holstein calves were randomly assigned into two groups,a control group fed with a starter diet,and a treatment group supplemented with Bacillus subtilis（natto）,which was mixed with the starter diet at a concentration of 1×1010 CFU per gram of the average daily feed intake.Sequence analysis of random-chosen clones from the rumen 16S rDNA libraries constructed from control and treatment groups showed that there was a significant difference in the bacterial diversity.The 111 and 142 clones from the control and treatment library could be assigned into 88 and 131 OTUs,respectively.The majority of the two clone libraries were represented by sequences related to the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.Members of Bacteroidetes accounted for about 39% and 25% of the total clones in control group and treatment group,respectively,while Firmicutes increased from 46% in control to 57% in the natto treatment.Clones affiliated to Ruminococcus accounted for 5% in control group while 10% in the treatment respectively,and these differences were further confirmed by RT-PCR quantification using genus-specific primers.The numbers of R.albus（log10 7.7 per mL） and R.flavefaciens（log10 8.1 per mL） were higher in the ru men contents of the treatment group compared with the control group（log10 7.2 per mL and log10 7.7 per mL,respectively）,demonstrating a 3 and 2.4 times increase,respectively.These results indicated that supplementation of Bacillus subtilis（natto） in weaning calves can promote the establishment of a beneficial rumen bacterial community,especially the colonization and growth of fibrolytic bacteria.

关 键 词：犊牛 纳豆枯草芽胞杆菌 瘤胃细菌区系 16S rDNA克隆文库 

分 类 号：S823.45[农业科学—畜牧学]