火车司机心理健康状况及其影响因素调查分析  

Survey on the psychological health status and its influential factors in trainmen

作　　者：曹煜红[1] 任领华 仇丽霞[2] 赵芳[1] 郭玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原铁路局疾病预防控制中心,山西太原030013 [2]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2010年第1期22-24,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨火车司机心理健康的影响因素。方法以整群抽样方法抽取某铁路局某机务段所有在岗的火车正司机280人为调查对象,采用自编一般情况调查表、职业紧张量表(OSI)和精神症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行调查。结果多元逐步回归分析结果表明(α入=0.05,α出=0.10),影响火车司机心理健康的主要因素有职业紧张、体育锻炼和娱乐活动情况。体育锻炼和娱乐活动情况对躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性7个因子有影响,来源于家庭与工作的职业紧张对SCL-90的9个因子均有影响,来源于经历与成就的职业紧张对人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、精神病性5个因子有影响,来源于人际关系的职业紧张对焦虑、偏执2个因子有影响,来源于管理角度的职业紧张对强迫因子有影响,来源于职务特征的职业紧张对焦虑因子有影响。结论职业紧张、体育锻炼和娱乐活动情况是火车司机心理健康的重要影响因素。针对影响因素和心理卫生问题,对火车司机采取综合措施进行心理干预至关重要。Objectives To explore the psychological health status and its influential factors in trainmen.Methods Questionaires of OSI and SCL-90 were used in a cluster sampling survey to evaluate the general conditions,occupational stress and psychological health in 280 trainmen of a certain railway administration bureau.Results The multivariant gradual regressive analysis（αin=0.05,αout=0.10）showed that the primary influential factors of pscychological health in locomotive trainmen were occupational stress,physical exercise and entertainment activity;physical exercise and entertainment activity had influence on somatization,compulsion,sensitive social relationship,depression,anxiety,terror and psychosis.The occupational stress from family and job had influence on 9 factors of SCL-90,the occupational stress from experience and achievement had influence on sensitive social relationship,depression,hostility,terror and psychosis,the occupational stressors from social relation had influence on anxiety and bigotry,occupational stress from managerial roles had influence on compulsion,while occupational stress from duty characteristic had influence on anxiety.Conclusions Occupational stress,physical exercise and entertainment activity were the primary influential factors on psychological health of trainmen,and it is important to take comprehensive measures to care the psychological health in trainmen.

关 键 词：火车司机 心理 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R395.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]