生物有机肥对烤烟生长及相关防御性酶活性的影响  

Effect of Biological Organic Fertilizer on Flue-cured Tobacco Growth and Defensive-related Enzymes Activity

作　　者：肖相政[1] 刘可星[1] 张志红[2] 刘亮[1] 廖宗文[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学新肥料资源研究中心,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院土壤科学系,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华北农学报》2010年第1期175-179,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：农业部"948"项目(2006-G62);广东省科技计划项目(2008B021000039);农业部公益性行业项目(200803031)

摘　　要：为研究生物有机肥FBOF1和FBOF2在烤烟上的应用效果及对相关防御性酶活性的影响,本研究采用绿色荧光蛋白(Green fluorescence protein,GFP)基因和抗生素对生物有机肥中特定功能微生物进行了标记,通过盆栽试验研究了功能微生物在根围土壤中的定殖情况,施用生物有机肥对烤烟叶面积等生物量指标以及PPO、POD、PAL、LOX酶活性的影响。结果表明,施用生物有机肥能促进烟叶生长,叶面积、株高、鲜质量、干质量等生物量指标增加,30 d时叶面积分别增加26.20%和30.87%,与对照相比达到显著水平,鲜质量增加30.60%和36.72%,干质量分别增加47.93%和23.97%;施用生物有机肥还可改善土壤养分状况,提高土壤中有机质含量,增加碱解氮、速效钾、全磷等养分供应水平;同时研究表明施用生物有机肥后其功能微生物能在根围土壤有效定殖,对有害病原微生物青枯菌具有一定的抑制效果;施用生物有机肥能提高烤烟初期防御性酶活性,增强植株对病原微生物的抵抗能力,施用生物有机肥7 d后,PPO活性分别增加38.1%和35.8%,LOX活性增加19.6%和17.5%,而PAL活性增加24.5%。In this article the method of green fluorescence protein and antibiotics were adopted to mark the specific functional microbes for researching the effect of biologic organic fertilizer FBOF1 and FBOF2 on flue-cured tobacco growth and its defensive-related enzymes,meanwhile,depending on the pot experiment the colonization of functional microbes in the rhizosphere was researched,and the effect of biological organic fertilizer on flue-cured tobacco growth and the defensive-related enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase,peroxidase,phenylalanine ammonialyase and lipoxygenase was also researched.The results indicated that utilizing biological organic fertilizer could promote tobacco growth and the biomass indexes as plant height,leaf area,fresh weight and dry weight increased.The leaf area of 30th day improved 26.20% and 30.87% compared with the control,and the difference is obvious,and the fresh weight increased 30.6% and 36.72%,while the dry weight is 47.93% and 23.97% more respectively.The soil nutrient status was also improved by applying the biological organic fertilizer,and the organic matter,the alkaline N,available K and total P increased.The results also demonstrated that the functional microbes in the biological organic fertilizer can colonize successfully in the rhizosphere,and can inhibit the reproduction of deleterious pathogenic microorganism in some degree.In addition,the activity of defensive-related enzymes such as PPO,LOX and PAL etc.were improved after utilizing biological organic fertilizer,in which the activity of PPO in 7th day increased 38.1% and 35.8%,while 19.6% and 17.5% for the LOX,and the same level 24.5% for PAL,and the increase of enzymes activity leads to the enhanced disease-resistance ability for the plant.

关 键 词：生物有机肥 烤烟 应用效果 防御性酶活性 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]