不同酸化剂对脱色用活性白土的活化效果研究  

Study on effects of activation of various acid reagents on activated bentonite for decolorization

作　　者：孙德四[1] 谢宝华[1] 林志远[1] 

机构地区：[1]九江学院化学化工学院,江西九江332005

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2010年第3期20-23,共4页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：江西省教育厅科技项目([2007]337);九江学院大学生自主创新项目(2007-12-7)

摘　　要：考察了草酸、硫酸、盐酸3种活化剂对天然钙基膨润土的活化效果。结果表明，在相同条件下，草酸对膨润土的活化效果最差，其活化产品的活性度低，游离酸明显偏高；盐酸的活化效果优于硫酸，得到产物的活性度（269．7～283．69）比硫酸的高（255．2～271．5）；但盐酸活化产物的游离酸（0．048～0．089）比硫酸的稍高（0．045～0．055），且脱色率（89．55％～95．66％）较硫酸活化产品的低（91．2％～99．6％）；3种活化剂的活化产品的活性度和游离酸随酸化剂用量的增加有类似的变化趋势。实验结果也表明，产品的活性度与其脱色率成反向相关，活性度出现最大值所需的活化剂用量均比脱色率出现最大值时所需的用量要小。实验确定硫酸作为最终的脱色用“高脱色率、低活性度、低游离酸”活性自土的酸化剂，其最佳活化工艺参数为：活化温度100℃、硫酸质量分数20％、活化时间4h。Effects of activation of 3 types of activating agent of oxalic acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid on natural bentonite were tested. The tests showed that in the same conditions, activation of bentonite by oxalic acid had the poorest performance with low activity of the activated products and obviously higher free acid and activation effect with hydrochloric acid was better than that of sulfuric acid. The products treated with hydrochloric acid had higher activity （269.7-283.69）than sulfuric acid（255.2-271.5）. But, activated products had slightly higher free acid（0. 048- 0. 089） compared with sulfuric acid （0. 045- 0. 055）and have lower decoloration rate （89.55 %-95.66 % ） than activated products by sulfuric acid（91. 2 % - 99.6 % ）. With increase of acidifying agent consumption, activity degree of 3 types of activated products prepared with each acidifying reagent had the same changing tendency with free acid. Resuits also showed that the activity degree of products was in reverse direction to decoloration rate and the dosage of acidifying agent required at the maximum of activity degree was lower than that at the maximum of decoloration rate. The experiments established sulfuric acid as a final acidifying agent for activated bentonite with high decol- oration rate, low free acid, low activity for the purposes of decoloration. Its optimum process parameters of sulfuric acid activation were temperature 100℃, sulfuric acid concentration 20% and activation time 4 hrs.

关 键 词：膨润土 酸化剂 活性度 脱色率 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿]