阴/非表面活性剂对菲污染砂土柱淋洗研究  

Column Leaching of Phenanthrene in Sandy Soil by Anionic and Nonionic Surfactants

作　　者：赵保卫[1] 车海丽[1] 王海峰[1] 王鹏[1] 张春玲[1] 徐瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第3期458-464,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20577018);甘肃省中青年科技基金(3ZS042-B25-023);兰州交通大学"青蓝"人才工程

摘　　要：采用玻璃土柱法比较研究了1000、2000、3000和4000mg·L-1的阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、非离子表面活性剂聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯(Tween80)及不同质量配比的混合表面活性剂(SDBS-Tween80)(S∶T=1∶1、1∶2和1∶4)对砂土中菲的柱淋洗。结果表明,SDBS对菲的淋洗曲线总体上呈现先上升到峰值而后下降的变化规律,且呈锯齿形波动;而Tween80与SDBS-Tween80对菲的淋洗曲线具有相似的规律,即淋出液中菲浓度随表面活性剂淋洗液孔隙体积数增大呈现急剧增大、达到峰值后逐渐降低的趋势。淋洗结束时(菲流出浓度接近于0时),不同浓度的Tween80和SDBS-Tween80对菲的总去除率均可达90.5%以上,而4000mg·L-1的SDBS对菲的总去除率则仅为76.4%。此外,随着Tween80或SDBS-Tween80浓度增大,菲浓度峰值增大,开始有菲淋出时,菲浓度峰值以及菲流出浓度接近于0时对应的孔隙体积数均减小。菲浓度峰值与表面活性剂浓度呈正相关,累积孔隙体积数与表面活性剂浓度呈负相关。在淋出液累计孔隙体积数相同时,同种表面活性剂对菲的去除率与表面活性剂浓度呈正相关。Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）contamination in soil media has received increasing attention. To resolve such problems, effective remediation methods are urgently required. In this paper, laboratory column experiments were conducted to investigate performance of leaching phenanthrene in sandy soil by an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzyl sulfonate（SDBS）, a nonionic surfactant Tween 80 and the mixed surfactants（SDBS-Tween 80）with 1 000, 2 000, 3 000 and 4 000 mg·L^-1 of surfactant concentrations and 1∶1, 1∶2 and 1∶4 mass ratios of SDBS to Tween 80, which aims to provide reference for surfactant-leaching remediation technology. It was shown that the elution curves by SDBS were sawtooth shape with phenanthrene concentration going up and down at large, while those by Tween 80 and SDBS-Tween 80 were regular ones in which the phenanthrene concentrations in elutant increase, achieve maximum and then decrease with the porous volume numbers of eluting solutions. After leaching finished, the total removal efficiencies by Tween 80 and SDBS-Tween 80 were more than 90.5% while that by SDBS at 4 000 mg·L-1 was only 76.4%. Moreover, the maximum phenanthrene concentrations increased and the porous volume numbers corresponding to the initial phenanthrene eluting, maximum phenanthrene concentration and final phenanthrene eluting decreased with Tween 80 or SDBS-Tween 80 concentration increasing. The maximum phenanthrene concentrations and the total porous volume numbers were positively and negatively related to surfactant concentrations, respectively. Given a surfactant and a porous volume number, the removal efficiencies of phenanthrene were positively related to surfactant concentrations.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 柱淋洗 菲 土壤修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]