滨海盐土灌水脱盐动态的土壤质地和水质差异性研究  

Desalting Dynamic State Diversity of Coastal Solonchak Soils Differed in Soil Texture and Irrigated with Varied Water Quality

作　　者：张余良[1] 王正祥[1] 廉晓娟[1] 贺宏达[1] 王艳[1] 宿晓东[1] 郭富常[2] 黄明达[3] 屈晓芳[4] 

机构地区：[1]天津市农业资源与环境研究所,天津300192 [2]天津大学,天津300072 [3]天津泰达园林建设有限公司,天津300457 [4]冀东油田开发技术公司,河北唐山063200

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第3期515-520,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目（2007BAD67B01）

摘　　要：通过在天津滨海新区的野外灌水脱盐试验,对比分析了灌溉淡水、中水和微咸水的中壤质、重壤质土和粘土土壤含盐量及pH的动态变化。结果表明,粘质滨海盐土经灌淡水后的土壤全盐量降低是逐渐的;重壤质滨海盐土的土壤全盐变化趋势与粘质土相似,最初4次灌水使各层土壤全盐累积降幅较大;中壤质滨海盐土则第一次灌水后土壤含盐量降低较多,表层（0～20cm）由1.75%降到0.511%,以后灌溉土壤全盐量降低得较缓慢,20～40cm土层的含盐量始终降低得较缓慢。灌溉淡水、中水、微咸水均能使土壤全盐量降低,灌溉中水、微咸水后表层和土体下层土壤的含盐量均逐渐降低,而灌溉淡水的表层土壤全盐量以初次降低明显,土体下层的土壤全盐量始终变化幅度较小。同灌淡水的情况下,中壤质滨海盐土的土壤pH较为稳定,在7.5～8.5范围,而重壤质和粘土在最初表现下降,至约7.5后上升到8.5～9.0范围,质地越粘土壤pH越高。灌溉淡水、中水、微咸水均使土壤pH有升高的趋势,灌溉淡水后表层土壤pH能够上升到9.0,灌溉微咸水、中水后土壤pH能够升高至8.5左右。The field experiments of irrigation with fresh water, recycled water, brackish water were carried out on coastal solonchak soil in Tianjin Binhai new developed area, Contrasted and analyzed the dynamic state variety of soil salt content and pH in clay soil, heavy loamy soil, and medium loamy soil. The results showed that soil salt content in clay soil and heavy loamy soil lowered gradually after irrigating fresh water,while soil salt content in medium loamy soil reduced more rapidly after the first time irrigating with the fresh water. especially, that in surface layer（0～20 cm）, was declined to 0.511% from 1.75%, then after, it lowered rather slowly with additional irrigation. The salt content in 20～40 cm layer of all three soils was declined slowly all the time. Salt content of both surface layer and lower layers of medium loamy soil was declined gradually all the time on the condition of irrigating both recycled water and brackish water. Irrigating fresh water, recycled water, brackish water all made the trend that soil pH increased as soil salt content decreased. Soil pH of the surface layer soil achieved 9.0 after irrigating the fresh water, while pH of the surface layer soil finally went up to 8.5 or so after irrigating the brackish water or the recycled water.

关 键 词：滨海盐土 PH 土壤质地 土壤全盐 微咸水 中水 天津滨海新区 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]