考虑碰撞安全性的汽车车身轻量化设计  

Lightweight Design of an Auto Body Considering its Crash Performance

作　　者：孙宏图[1] 申国哲[1] 胡平[1] 杨姝[1] 刘波 周定陆 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学汽车工程学院,大连116023 [2]长安汽车工程研究院,重庆401120

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2010年第3期379-382,386,共5页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

基　　金：重庆市科技攻关计划项目(2007AA4008);国家科技支撑计划专题项目(2006BA104B04-2);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(10125208);国家自然科学基金重点项目(19832020)资助

摘　　要：车身结构轻量化设计的同时,还要保证其碰撞的安全性,为此提出了基于碰撞的汽车车身轻量化设计方法。以某轿车为例,在保证刚度和模态的前提下,对车身零件的厚度进行敏感度分析,以车身质量最小化为优化目标,对车身零件的厚度进行优化计算,根据零件的可制造性和加工成本对优化的零件厚度进行调整。应用有限元和多刚体动力学方法,对整车及乘员约束系统的正面碰撞进行模拟计算,对轻量化的设计结果进行对比分析,根据碰撞结果对优化的车身零件厚度进行调整,使轻量化的车身满足碰撞安全性的要求,验证了基于碰撞的汽车车身轻量化设计方法的可行性。A method of lightweight design is improved to guarantee the crash safety performance of the lightweight auto body. The thicknesses of an auto body are optimized as a case study. The parts of the body are analyzed con- cerning its sensitivity while its stiffness and modal performance is guaranteed. The thicknesses of the parts are opti- mized with an objective of minimizing the weight of body. The optimized thicknesses of the parts are adjusted ac- cording to the manufacture cost and feasibility. The methods of finite element and rigid-flexible multibody dynamics are applied to the simulation of frontal impact on the auto and its occupant restraint system. The optimized thicknesses of the parts are modified to make the lightweight auto body satisfy the requirement of crash safety performance based on the analysis of the crash results. The results show the feasibility of the lightweight design method.

关 键 词：轻量化设计 车身 碰撞安全性 模拟 

分 类 号：U463.82[机械工程—车辆工程]