不同饵料对杂色鲍幼鲍生长及存活的影响  

Effects of Different Diet Treatments on the Growth and Survival of Juvenile Small Abalone Haliotis diversicolor

作　　者：王波[1] 游伟伟[1] 王项愿[1] 柯才焕[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与环境学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第2期286-292,共7页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2006AA10A407);农业科研专项(ny-hyzx07-047);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(nycytx-47)

摘　　要：选用南方鲍养殖业中常用的4种大型海藻细基江蓠、菊花江蓠、龙须菜和海带,研究在单一饵料、混合饵料、轮流饵料3种不同的投喂方式下共12个饵料处理组对杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)幼鲍生长、存活的影响.实验进行40 d,结果表明:1)不同饵料处理组幼鲍均保持较高的存活率,其中细基江蓠组的存活率最低;2)不同饵料处理组的生长存在显著性差异(p<0.05).在单一饵料组中,海带组的特定生长率显著高于其他3种单一饵料组(p<0.05).在混合饵料组和轮流饵料组中,细基江蓠和菊花江蓠饵料组合的特定生长率明显低于其他的饵料组合(p<0.05).而相同的饵料组合在混合、轮流两种投喂方式下特定生长率无明显差异(p>0.05).另外常用的表征生长速度的指标如壳长日增长、日增重、壳长增长率、增重率均具有相似的趋势;3)海带组的日摄食率和体质量壳长比显著大于细基江蓠组(p<0.05),各饵料处理组的食物转化率无显著差异(p>0.05).实验结果表明:采用混合饵料和轮流饵料与单一饵料的投喂方式相比,可明显提高鲍的生长速度.The experiment lasted 40 days was conducted to assess the effects of twelve different diet treatments on the survival and growth of juvenile small abalone Haliotis diversicolor. The four marine macroalgae which are commonly used in the south china abalone aquaculture industry were used in this research：Gracilaria tenuistipitata, G. lichenoides, G. lemaneiformis and salted Laminaria japonica. Three feeding methods used in the experiment were single diet, mixed diets and rotaion diets. The results showed that the j uvenite abalone under different diet treatments all maintained high survival rate, among them, the survival rate of the juvenile abalone fed with G. tenuistipitata was lowest. Among the single diet groups, the specific growth rate （SGR） of the juvenile abalone fed with salted L. japonica was significantly higher than others（p〈0.05）. Among the mixed diet and rotation diet groups,the SGR of the juvenile abalone fed with a diet combination of G. tenuistipitata and G. lichenoides was significantly lower than the other goups（p〈0.05）. However, there wasn＇t significant difference of the SGR（p〉0.05）of the juvenile abalone fed with the same diet combination in different feeding methods. The differences of some other growth index, for example, daily length growth（DLG） ,daily weight growth （DWG）,length growth rate （LGR） and weight growth rate（WGR）were also significant（p〈0.05）under the twelve diet treatments. The daily feeding rate （DFR） and body weight to shell length ratio（BW/SL）of the juvenile abalone fed with salted L. japonica were significantly higher than the group fed with G. tenuistipitata（p〈0. 05）. The food conversion efficiency （FCE） didn＇t have significant differences under the twelve diet treatments（p〉0.05）. The results indicated that mixed diets and rotation diets can improve growth rate of the juvenile abalone compared to single diet.

关 键 词：杂色鲍 饵料 生长 存活率 

分 类 号：S966.9[农业科学—水产养殖]