卡拉麦里山有蹄类保护区鹅喉羚的采食地选择  

Feeding Habitat Characteristics of Gazella subgutturosa in the Karamaili Mountain Nature Reserve,Xinjiang

作　　者：杨维康[1] 徐文轩[1,2] 刘伟[1] 夏参军[1,2] 李莹[1] 乔建芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2010年第2期236-241,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-343);中国;意大利合作项目资助

摘　　要：2006-2007年,通过野外直接观察采样的方法,研究了新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类动物保护区内鹅喉羚的采食地特征。Mann-Whitney U检验表明,春夏秋三季鹅喉羚采食地内的植物种数、植被盖度、植被高度和可食生物量均显著高于对照地中相应成分。主成分分析表明,影响研究区内春夏秋三季鹅喉羚采食地选择的关键环境因子是食物因子(植物种数,可食生物量和各季节大宗食物密度)、警戒因子(坡位和植被盖度)、温度因子(坡向和植被高度),以及水分因子(富含水分的食物)。冬季鹅喉羚经受严重的放牧干扰,采食地呈现为生存而被迫选择局部次适宜区域栖息的特征。In this study, the feeding habitat characteristics of Gazella subgutturosa in the Karamori Mountain Nature Reserve, Xinjiang were researched during the period from 2006 to 2007. Mann-Whitney U test and principal component analysis were used in the multivariate analysis of variables. Mann-Whitney U test showed that Gazella subgutturosa prefer the habitats with high total plant richness and vegetation coverage, and the vegetation height and the biomass can be consumed by GazeUa subgutturosa. The principal component analysis （PCA） showed that the main environmental factors affecting the feeding habitat selection of Gazella subgutturosa are the food factors （such as the species richness, biomass and density of main plants consumed by Gazella subgutturosa）, security factors （such as the slope position and vegetation coverage ）, temperature factors （such as the aspect and vegetation height） and water factors （such as the plants containing more water）. In winter, Gazella subgutturosa are forced to choose some sub-favorable places as their feeding sites due to the severe disturbance of local livestock grazing in the reserve.

关 键 词：鹅喉羚(Gazella subgutturosa) 采食地 主成分分析 有蹄类保护区 卡拉麦里山 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]