钙离子在植物生理调节中的作用  

Effect of the Regulation of Plant Physiology on Calcium Ion

作　　者：马琛[1] 乙引[1] 张习敏[1] 高巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2010年第2期36-41,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"喀斯特森林喜钙植物嗜钙机理及其环境适应性"(30460031);贵州省科技创新人才团队建设"贵州省特色植物资源保护与可持续利用科技创新人才团队"[黔科合人才团队(2009)4007]

摘　　要：钙是植物必须的营养元素,同时也是植物体内转导多种生理过程的胞内胞外信号物质之一。胞外Ca2+通过Ca2+通道内流进入胞质,并通过Ca2+-ATPase和Ca2+/H+反向转运蛋白外流,以保持胞质内低Ca2+浓度。同时为了应对植物发育和环境胁迫信号,Ca2+由质膜、液泡膜和内质网膜的Ca2+通道内流进入胞质,导致胞质Ca2+浓度迅速增加,产生钙瞬变和钙振荡,传递到钙信号靶蛋白(如钙调素、钙依赖型蛋白激酶及钙调磷酸酶B类蛋白,引起特异的生理生化反应),这一系列钙信号调节、应答机制构成了植物的钙信号系统。对钙转运系统、钙信号调节和放大及应答方式进行了综述。Calcium is an essential plant nutrients.It is also one of the intracellular and extracellular signal substances in a wide range of plant physiological processes transduction.At the molecular level,calcium enters plant cells through Ca2＋-permeable ion channels in their plasma membranes,and through Ca2＋-ATPase and Ca2＋/H＋ antiporter protein outflow to maintain low cytoplasmic Ca2＋ concentration.The rapid influx of Ca2＋ through cation channels in the plasma membranes,tonoplast and/or endoplasmic reticulum generates transient elevation and oscillation of ／cyt that initiate cellular responses to a diverse range of developmental cues and environmental challenges.The cellular ／cyt sensors include calmodulin,calcium-dependent protein kinases and calcineurin B-like proteins that allow plant cells to respond appropriately to ／cyt signals.This series of calcium signal-regulated,response mechanisms constitute a plant calcium signaling system.In this paper,the system of calcium transport,calcium signal conditioning,amplification and response methods are reviewed.

关 键 词：钙信号 钙通道 钙信号系统 

分 类 号：S132[农业科学—农业基础科学]