NaCl盐度对耐盐活性污泥沉降性能及脱氮的影响  

Effects of salinity on salt-tolerant activated sludge settling performance and nitrogen removal

作　　者：赵凯峰[1] 王淑莹[1] 叶柳[1] 彭永臻[1] 唐冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2010年第3期570-574,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：北京市高校人才强教深化计划高层次人才资助项目(PHR20090502);北京市教委科技创新平台项目(PXM2008-014204-050843);北京市重点实验室开放研究课题

摘　　要：针对海水冲厕工程的实施,采用序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR)处理实际含盐生活污水,考察了盐度对耐盐活性污泥沉降性能及脱氮效能的影响。研究发现,经过长期盐度驯化后的污泥系统也会出现丝状菌污泥膨胀。在经过10 g/L盐度长期驯化的污泥系统中,污泥容积指数(SVI)随着盐度的升高而降低,盐度升高使丝状菌减少,污泥絮体变小变密实。但是,盐度降低时会引发更严重的污泥膨胀,导致污泥流失。对脱氮性能的研究表明,硝化菌的耐盐能力较强。当盐度由10 g/L改变为0、5、15、20 g/L时,氨氮去除率依然可以维持在99%以上。但亚硝酸盐积累率无论是盐度升高或降低时都升高,这表明驯化后污泥中的亚硝酸氧化菌(NOB)对盐度变化的耐受能力比氨氧化菌(AOB)弱,无论盐度升高或降低都会对其产生较大的影响。Aiming at applying project of flushing lavatory by seawater,effects of salinity on salt-tolerant activated sludge settling performance and nitrogen removal were studied to treat saline sewage using sequencing batch reactor（SBR）.The results showed that filamentous bulking was observed in the salt-tolerant sludge.After a long-time domestication under 10 g/L salinity,SVI reduced with the increasing salinity,due to decreased quantity of filamentous bacteria.Increased salt also made the flocs diminish and dense.However,decreasing salinity led to the bulking and the loss of sludge.The experimental results demonstrated that the tolerance of nitrifiers to salinity enhanced.When the salinity was changed into 0,5,15,20 g/L from 10 g/L,ammonia removal efficiency could also be kept above 99%.Nitrite accumulation rate increased whatever the salinity reduced or increased,indicating that nitrite oxidation bacteria（NOB） had stronger tolerance to salt change than ammonia oxidation bacteria（AOB）.Increase or decrease in salinity could inhibit the nitrifiers.

关 键 词：盐度 沉降性能 生物脱氮 耐盐活性污泥 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]