水力防斜工具的研究与应用  

RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF HYDRAULIC INCLINING PREVENTION TOOLS

作　　者：余志清[1] MAPKOB O.A. 

机构地区：[1]西安石油学院 [2]莫斯科石油天然气科技大学

出　　处：《天然气工业》1998年第6期51-53,共3页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：井斜控制一直是受钻井界长期关注的问题，为了防止井斜，钻井工作者对防斜工具和工艺做了大量的研究工作，研制出了一些与工艺相配套的防斜钻具组合和井下防斜工具。在实际应用中，防斜除了采用常规的防斜钻具组合外，就是使用井下防斜工具，如偏重钻铤、偏心防斜接头等，而这些防斜方法都不同程度地以降低机械钻速或增加钻具的磨损为代价的。但利用钻井液定向射流来控制井斜方面的研究几乎未见报道。在钻井过程中，钻井液定向射流在井底形成不对称流场，这将有利于净化井底，提高机械钻速，改善钻井经济技术指标。文中提出了利用钻井液定向射流来防止井斜的新型井下工具———流场变向器，对它的防斜机理和结构作了简要介绍，现场应用结果证明该工具具有良好的防斜、稳斜和稳方位性能，提高了机械钻速，获得了明显的技术和经济效益。Hole inclination control is always the problem concerned by drilling circles for a long time. In order to prevent the hole from inclining,a great deal of research works have been made for the inclining prevention tools and their technology and some inclining prevention drilling assemblages and downhole inclining prevention tools corresponding to the technology have been developed.In practice,not only the conventional inclining prevention drilling assemblages but also the downhole inclining prevention tools,as unbalanced drill collar and eccentric inclining preve ntion junction,etc.,are used for preventing the hole from inclining .These methods,however,take the decrease in mechanic drill speed and the increase in drill string wear as the cost in varying degrees and the report upon the research on controlling hole inclination by drilling fluid directional jet stream can’t be almost found.In the process of drilling,the drilling fluid directional jet stream can form an unsymmetric folw field at bottom hole,which is favourable for cleaning the bottom hole,enhancing the mechanic drill speed and improving the drilling economic and technological indicators.In this paper,a new downhole tool—flow field whipstock,which can prevent the hole from inclining by the drilling fluid directional jet stream,is proposed and its inclining prevention mechanism and structure are simply introduced.Through applying in practice,it is proved that this tool is of good properties of the inclining prevention,inclining stableness and stabilizing direction,can enhance the mechanic drill speed and obviously raise the technological and economic benefits.

关 键 词：水力防斜工具 井下工具 石油钻井设备 

分 类 号：TE921.9[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]