颈内动脉海绵窦段分支及应用解剖学研究  

Branches of the Intracavernous Internal Carotid Artery and Applied Anatomy Study

作　　者：刘金生[1] 刘锦宇 姜苏明[1] 涂良携[1] 孙希海 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院解剖学教研室,广东汕头515041 [2]延安市宝塔区人民医院神经外科,陕西延安716000 [3]广州医药集团拜迪生物医药研究开发中心,广东广州511495

出　　处：《汕头大学医学院学报》2010年第1期19-21,28,F0003,共5页Journal of Shantou University Medical College

摘　　要：目的:观察颈内动脉海绵窦段(ICICA)分支及其对穿行海绵窦颅神经的血供,为减少术中神经血供损伤提供解剖基础。方法:解剖观测15例(30侧)成人头颅内ICICA分支及海绵窦内穿行颅神经的血供。结果:颈内动脉在海绵窦的主要分支有脑膜垂体干(垂体下(供应垂体后部)、小脑幕(供应脑膜顶及动眼神经和滑车神经近端)及脑膜背动脉(供应上斜坡的脑膜及展神经岩斜段))和外下干(上支(供应海绵窦顶、动眼神经及滑车神经近端)、前支(供应动眼神经、滑车神经、展神经及三叉神经眼支的海绵窦段远端)及后支(参与三叉神经节血供))。结论:ICICA主要供应海绵窦穿行颅神经的动脉为外下干和脑膜垂体干发出的小脑幕及脑膜背动脉。Objective： To study the branches of the intracavemous internal carotid artery（ ICICA） and the blood supply of the intracavemous cranial nerves, in order to provide anatomic data for protecting the intracavemous cranial nerves in the microsurgery. Methods： Fifteen cadaverics（thirty sides）were perfused by emulsion through internal carotid artery, to observe the branches of the intracavemous internal carotid artery. Results： The main branches of ICICA had meningohypophyseal trunk（MHT. Inferior hypophyseal（supplying the posterior pituitary capsule and lobe）, tentorial（supplying the roof of the cavernous sinus, the proximal portions of the oculomotor nerve and the trochlear nerve along with the tentorial edge） and dorsal meningeal（supplying petroclival meninges, petroclival segment of the sixth nerve and proximal aspect of the sixth nerve in cavernous sinus）arteries）and inferolateral trunk（ILT. Superior（supplying the roof of the cavernous sinus, the proximal portion of the oculomotor nerve and the trochlear nerve）, anterior（supplying the distal portions of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves, and sending the branch to the first branch of the fifth cranial nerve）and posterior branches（contributing to supply of the gasserian ganglion））. Conclusion： The tentorial and the dorsal meningeal arteries of MHT are contributed to supply the intracavemous cranial nerves.

关 键 词：颈内动脉海绵窦段 脑膜垂体干 外下干 颅神经 应用解剖学 

分 类 号：R322.85[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R323.1[医药卫生—基础医学]