夹砂层土壤入渗过程水盐运动规律室内模拟试验研究  

Study on the Rule of Water-salt Movement in the Infiltration Process of Sand-layered Soil by Laboratory Simulated Experiment

作　　者：张莉[1] 丁国栋[1] 王翔宇[1] 高广磊[1] 郭跃[1] 韦立伟[1] 梁文俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第7期3605-3606,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A03)

摘　　要：[目的]研究夹砂层土壤入渗过程的水盐运动规律。[方法]通过室内土柱模拟试验,观测了灌水条件下夹砂层和均质土壤的水分入渗过程并分析了夹砂层土壤的盐分运动规律。[结果]灌水之后,土壤表层所含的部分固态盐溶解,并与原有的土壤溶液一起随着水分下渗,在下层形成盐峰。土层深度越大,盐峰形成越晚。盐峰过后,土壤盐分迅速下降,进入脱盐阶段,脱盐达到一定程度后,土壤盐分趋于稳定。84 h后无砂层土壤盐分最高土层为90 cm土层,夹砂层土壤盐分最高土层为70 cm土层。180 h后无砂层土壤盐分最高土层仍是90 cm土层,但与84 h的盐分最高值相比有所下降,而夹砂层土壤盐分最高土层为70和90 cm 2个土层。276 h后盐峰下移至110 cm土层。[结论]该研究为滨海盐碱地改良和利用提供了理论依据。[Objective] The aim was to study the rule of water-salt movement in the infiltration process of sand-layered soil.[Method] Through laboratory simulated experiment of soil column,the water infiltration processes of sand-layered and homogenized soils under irrigation condition were observed and the rule of salinity movement of sand-layered soil was analyzed.[Result] After irrigation,a part of solid salt contained in surface soil was dissolved and infiltrating with original soil solution and the salt peak was formed in lower layers.The deeper the soil depth was,the later the salt peak was formed.After salt peak,the salinity in soil was decreased rapidly and the desalting stage began.The salinity in soil tended to be stable after the desalting reached a certain degree.After 84 h,the soil layer with highest salinity of sand-free layered soil was the soil layer of 90 cm and that of sand-layered soil was the soil layer of 70 cm.After 180 h,the soil layer with highest salinity of sand-free layered soil was still the soil layer of 90 cm,but its highest salinity got some decreased in comparison with that after 84 h,and that of sand-layered soil were the soil layers of 70 and 90 cm.After 276 h,the salinity peak was moved down to the soil layer of 110 cm.[Conclusion] This study supplied theoretical foundation for the improvement and utilization of seashore alkaline soil.

关 键 词：夹砂层土壤 入渗过程 水盐运动 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]