津郊污灌区土壤及蔬菜重金属污染调查与评价  

Investigation and Assessment on Heavy Metals in Soils and Vegetables in Sewage Irrigation Regions in Tianjin Suburbs

作　　者：金星龙[1] 翟慧泉[1] 岳俊杰[1] 赵俊英[1] 王雯[1] 关文玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第7期3701-3703,3706,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划项目(20060520;20070709);国家自然科学基金项目(20807030)

摘　　要：天津地处九河下梢,承纳了当地及北京等地区的大量污水,污灌历史长、面积大,其污灌区土壤与蔬菜的重金属污染一直是人们关注的问题。对在市郊采集的9个采样点的土壤和蔬菜样品进行了重金属含量分析,并分别采用内梅罗综合污染指数法和单因子指数法对土壤和蔬菜重金属污染进行评价。结果表明,采样点土壤重金属污染严重,均以Cd污染为主,综合污染指数均超过警戒线,最高达22.01。根茎类、茄果类、瓜类蔬菜均受到Pb、Cd、Se、As的严重污染且超标率较高,污染指数均超过3.00,叶菜类蔬菜受Se、As、Pb的污染也很严重。津郊污灌区土壤和蔬菜重金属污染严重,污水灌溉是造成污染的主要原因,应该加以控制和治理。蔬菜对不同重金属元素的富集能力不同,葱、蒜对大多数重金属元素具有较强的富集能力,可考虑作为土壤修复的备选植物。Tianjin located in the downstream of many rivers and is loaded with sewage from local,Beijing and other districts.The history of sewage irrigation is long and the sewage irrigation area is large,so great attention has been paid to heavy metal pollution in soils and vegetables in sewage irrigation region.Soils and vegetables of nine sampling sites were collected,and in which the concentrations of heavy metals were investigated.Heavy metal pollution of soils and vegetables were assessed with Nemerow index and single-factor index respectively.The results showed that the heavy metal pollution was very serious and the main pollution of soils came from Cd,their Nemerow index exceeded security limit,up to 22.01.The vegetables excluding leaf-vegetables suffered serious contamination from Pb、Cd、Se、As with higher rate of excess standard.Their single-factor index were higher than 3.00.Serious contamination from Se、As、Pb was also occurred in leaf-vegetables.Heavy metal pollution was prevalent and serious in sewage irrigation regions in Tianjin suburbs.The main reason of pollution was sewage irrigation,which should be controled and treated.The vegetables had different bioaccumulation abilities.Onion and garlic could be cultivated as alternative plants for soil bioremediation because they could easily concentrate heavy metals from soil irrigated by sewage.

关 键 词：污水灌溉 蔬菜 重金属 富集 单因子指数法 内梅罗综合污染指数法 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]