深圳市工业污染源重金属排放特征分析  

Characteristics of Heavy Metals Discharge from Industrial Pollution Sources in Shenzhen

作　　者：刘永伟[1,2] 毛小苓[2] 孙莉英[2] 倪晋仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院,城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室,深圳518055 [2]北京大学环境工程系,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第2期279-285,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：深圳市环境科研基金和国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07212-01)资助

摘　　要：以深圳市为例,利用等标污染负荷法和单位产值等标污染负荷法,从污染物种类、时间变化、空间分布、行业排放4个方面,分析了深圳市工业污染源重金属的排放特征,重点比较了1996—2007年10年以来重金属排放特征的变化。结果表明,近10年深圳市工业污染源重金属等标污染负荷大小排序为六价铬>镉>铅>汞>砷;1986—2007年,重金属排放总量呈增长趋势,单位产值重金属排放总量呈显著下降趋势;1996年重金属等标污染负荷和单位产值等标污染负荷最大的行政区和流域分别为龙岗区和坪山河流域,2007年则转移至福田区和深圳河流域;1996年和2007年,污染负荷最大的行业均为电子及通讯设备制造业和金属制品业。深圳市应将电子及通讯设备制造业和金属制品业行业的六价铬排放作为整治的重点。Taking Shenzhen City as a case study, Equal Standard Pollution Load Index and Equal Standard Pollution Load per Product were used to analyze the characteristics of heavy metals discharge from industrial pollution sources, including pollutant species, temporal-spatial distribution, and industrial contribution. The comparison analysis between 1996 and 2007 was made to examine the characteristics of heavy metals discharged in the recent ten years. The results exhibit as follows ： 1 ） The ranking of average heavy-metal equal standard pollution load was given in the order from large to small as Cr（ Ⅵ ） , Cd, Pb, Hg and As over the last decade. 2） The amount of heavy-metal discharge increased whereas the amount of heavy metals per product decreased from 1986 to 2007. 3） Compared with other administrative.districts and river basins, Longgang District and Pingshan River Basin occupied the highest proportions of pollution load and pollution load per product in 1996, whereas Futian District and Shenzhen River Basin were the highest in 2007. 4） Electronic ＆ Communicating Equipment Manufacturing（ECEM） Industry and Metal Product Manufacturing （MPM）Industry were the top two industries with the maximum pollution load and pollution load per product in 1996 and 2007. The results indicate that Cr（Ⅵ） is the priority pollutants and efforts should be fixed on the ECEM and MPM industry.

关 键 词：重金属 工业污染源 等标污染负荷 深圳市 

分 类 号：X501[环境科学与工程—环境工程]