地铁站内排烟口设置对排烟效果影响的实验和模拟研究  

EXPERIMENTAL AND SIMULATION STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF SMOKE VENT ARRANGEMENT ON SMOKE CONTROL EFFECT IN SUBWAY STATION

作　　者：钟委[1] 纪杰[2] 杨健鹏[3] 霍然[2] 王浩波[2] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院安全工程系,河南郑州450001 [2]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026 [3]河南省公安消防总队南阳支队,河南南阳473003

出　　处：《工程力学》2010年第3期163-168,共6页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50904055);中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室开放课题项目(HZ2008-KF06)

摘　　要：开展了一系列机械排烟实验,定量分析了排烟口风速和高度对机械排烟效率的影响规律。结果表明,在烟气层厚度和排烟口风速一定时,排烟口高度存在一个临界值,实验得到的临界高度值与Hinkley模型的预测值符合的较好。在该临界值以下,机械排烟效率较低且随着排烟口高度的降低而明显降低;在该临界值以上,排烟效率较高且随着高度的增加变化不明显。结合实验结果,采用大涡模拟的方法,对某典型侧式地铁车站内排烟口高度和风速对机械排烟效果的影响进行了全尺寸数值模拟分析,结果表明可通过升高排烟口高度和降低挡烟垂壁高度来优化原机械排烟系统的排烟效果。A series of experiments were conducted to study the influence of vent velocity and height on mechanical smoke exhaust efficiency.Results show that for certain smoke layer thickness and vent velocity,there is a critical value for vent height.The critical values obtained by experiments agree well with Hinkley＇s model.Below the critical value,the smoke exhaust efficiency is poor and decreases with the lowering of the vent height.Contrarily,the smoke exhaust efficiency is good and did not change significantly as the height increases.Based on the experimental results,the influence in a typical side platform was simulated with the FDS.Results show that both the increase of the vent height and the lowering of the lower edge of the smoke curtain can improve the smoke exhaust efficiency.

关 键 词：机械排烟 排烟口高度 排烟口风速 大涡模拟 地铁站 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]