珠海市主城区12年住院儿童疾病谱变迁及死因分析  

Analysis on the Cause of Death and the Changes of Hospitalized Children's Diseases Spectrum in the Main Districts of Zhuhai City during 12 Years

作　　者：李旭[1] 叶县宣[1] 孙晓燕[1] 马建虹[1] 刘伟琼[2] 杨小慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]珠海市妇幼保健院,珠海市519000 [2]珠海市人民医院,珠海市519000

出　　处：《中国病案》2010年第3期30-33,共4页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的了解珠海市主城区住院儿童疾病谱变化,分析住院儿童死亡原因。方法对珠海市妇幼保健院和珠海市人民医院1993年-2004年间共49,498例0～18岁住院病案进行回顾性统计分析。结果住院人数逐年上升,住院儿童0～1岁为第一位。呼吸系统疾病居住院儿童疾病谱首位,新生儿组疾病居前3位的是新生儿高胆红素血症、肺炎、早产/低出生体重儿;婴儿组疾病居前3位的是支气管肺炎、腹泻、毛细支气管炎;幼儿及学龄前儿童组疾病居前3位的是支气管肺炎、上呼吸道感染、包茎/包皮过长;学龄儿童组疾病居前3位的是上呼吸道感染、外伤、支气管肺炎;青春期组儿童主要因外伤及非意愿怀孕住院。住院儿童死亡的主要原因是新生儿疾病,意外事故及颅内感染。结论12年间住院儿童疾病谱发生了变化,应注重对儿童疾病的预防,强调社会、经济、环境、政府对儿童健康的作用。Objective To understand the changes of hospitalized children＇s diseases spectrum and analyze the cause of death in the main districts of Zhuhai City.Methods 49,498 medical records of hospitalized children in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhuhai and Zhuhai Municipal People＇s Hospital from Jaun 1,1993 to Dec 31,2004 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The number of hospitalizations increased year by year,among which children less than one-year-old were most.Respiratory diseases ranked the first of childhood disease spectrum.In neonates,the top 3 diseases were neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,pneumonia and premature birth or low birth weight.For infants,the top 3 were bronchial pneumonia,diarrhea and capillary bronchitis.For toddlers and preschoolers,those were bronchial pneumonia,upper respiratory tract infections and too long phimosis /foreskin.In school-aged children,those were upper respiratory tract infection,trauma and bronchial pneumonia.And adolescents＇ hospitalization was mainly due to trauma and unwanted pregnancies.Main causes of hospitalized children＇s deaths were neonatal diseases,accidents and intracranial infection.Conclusion During 12 years,hospitalized children＇s disease spectrum has changed,thus,focuses should be paid on prevention instead of treatment of childhood diseases and the role of society,economy,environment and government on children＇s health should be emphasized.

关 键 词：住院儿童 疾病谱 死亡 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]