长期施用化肥、猪粪和稻草对红壤性水稻土物理性质的影响  

Effects of Long-term Application of Chemical Fertilizer, Pig Manure and Rice Straw on Physical Properties of a Reddish Paddy Soil

作　　者：聂军[1,2] 郑圣先[1,2] 杨曾平[1,2,3] 廖育林[1,2,3] 谢坚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125 [2]农业部望城红壤水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测实验站,长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学资源与环境学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2010年第7期1404-1413,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05B09);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(Hunan-14)

摘　　要：【目的】研究化肥与猪粪和稻草长期配合施用对红壤性水稻土物理性质的影响。【方法】利用1981年建立在湖南省望城县黄金乡第四纪红土发育红壤性水稻土(普通简育水耕人为土)上的肥力定位试验,对化学氮、磷和钾肥料及其与猪粪和稻草长期配合施用的7个处理的土壤物理性质进行了评价。【结果】猪粪、稻草与化肥长期配合施用均可显著降低土壤容重和土粒密度,提高孔隙度,猪粪和稻草的效果基本相似。与化肥处理相比,施用猪粪和稻草显著地促进了5—0.5mm水稳性团聚体的形成和提高土壤团聚体稳定性。猪粪和稻草与化肥配施处理耕层土壤持水量也显著高于化肥处理。【结论】猪粪和稻草与化肥长期配合施用能显著降低土壤容重和土粒密度,提高孔隙度、土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤持水量,是提升土壤物理质量和红壤性水稻土肥力的有效措施。[Objective] The effect of long-term combined application of chemical fertilizer with pig manure （PM） and rice straw （RS） on physical properties were investigated in a reddish paddy soil of double rice cropping system in southern China. [Method] The physical properties in seven treatments composed of N, P and K fertilizer and combined application of chemical fertilizer with RS from a long-term experimental field established in 1981 were evaluated to study the effects of fertilization on soil properties of a reddish paddy soil （classified as typical stagnic Anthrosol） derived from parent materials of Quaternary red clay. [Result] Results showed that long-term combined application of pig manure （PM）, rice straw （RS） with chemical fertilizer decreased significantly the soil bulk density and the soil particle density, and increased the porosity, and the improved effect of PM was similar to that of RS. Combined application of PM and RS with chemical fertilizer were in favor of forming 5-0.5 mm water stable aggregate （WSA） and increased soil aggregate stability compared with application of chemical fertilizer alone. Soil water holding capacity （WHC） in plow layer was higher in combined application of PM and RS treatments than in chemical fertilizer treatments. [Conclusion] Long-term combined application of PM and RS with chemical fertilizer decreased significantly the soil bulk density and soil particle density, increased porosity, soil aggregate stability and soil water holding capacity, which was an effective measure to improve soil physical quality and soil fertility in reddish paddy soil.

关 键 词：长期施肥 红壤性水稻土 土壤物理性质 养分投入量 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]