黑腹果蝇的一些生物学特性观察  

Biological characteristics of Drosophila melanogaster

作　　者：张鹏飞[1] 毛玉蕊[2] 杨绕华 孟琳琳[1] 王进忠[1] 魏艳敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [2]邢台市建筑设计研究院,河北邢台054000 [3]河北省木兰围场国有林场管理局,河北承德068400

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2010年第1期16-19,共4页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：北京市教育委员会项目(KM200610020007;PXM2008_014207_055164);北京市自然基金项目(5043026);北京市市管高校人才强教计划资助项目;北京市科委项目(Z080005032508017);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助

摘　　要：在室内对危害葡萄的黑腹果蝇的一些生物学特性进行了深入观察。结果表明,黑腹果蝇在25℃下卵、幼虫、蛹的发育历期分别为（1.08±0.19）,（4.39±0.43）,（3.9±0.25）d。成虫交尾时间集中在21：30-23：00,持续5-20 min,交尾后具有梳理行为。并常将卵产在果肉边缘的坡面上,每次产2-8粒。幼虫喜在葡萄梗、器皿壁等较硬场所化蛹。羽化时间集中在4：30-7：30。成虫对不同水果的嗜好强弱程度是依次是葡萄、苹果、香蕉、桃、梨;而对巨峰、马奶、无核白、红提等葡萄品种的嗜好程度无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,但葡萄损伤时间影响其嗜好程度,对损伤3 d和4 d的葡萄嗜好程度显著高于损伤2 d的葡萄,也都极显著高于损伤1 d的（P〈0.01）。幼虫对葡萄和香蕉嗜好程度显著高于梨、桃和苹果（P〈0.05）;对红提的嗜好程度显著大于巨峰、马奶、无核白品种。Biological characteristics of the fruitfly Drosophila melanogasterdamaged the grapes in Beijing was studied in laboratory.The result showed that developmental period was（1.08±0.19） d in egg stage,（4.39±0.43）d in larval stage,and（3.9±0.25） d in pupal stage at 25 ℃.The mating of adults occurred mainly between 21：30~23：00 pm and lasted for 5~20 min,then a grooming behavior followed.The females preferred to produce eggs on the slope of the flesh,layed 2~8 eggs each time.The larvae preferred to pupate in aggregation on harder place,such as grape stems and walls of utensils.Adults emerged mainly between 4：30~7：30 am.The feeding preference order of the adults to fruits was grape,apple,banana,peach,pear;the difference among preference of adults to different varieties of grape,such as kyoho grapevine,white grape,anucleate white grape,red globe grape was not significant（P0.05）.The feeding preference of the adults to damaged grapes,which were placed in incubator for 4 days and 3 days were higher than that for 2 days（P0.05）,and were significantly higher than that for 1 day（P0.01）.The larvae preferred to grapes and bananas compared with pears,peaches and apples（P0.05）.Among kyoho grapevine,white grape,anucleate white grape and red globe grape,the best preference of larvae to them was red globe grape（P0.05）.

关 键 词：黑腹果蝇 葡萄 生物学特性 嗜好性 

分 类 号：S436.631.29[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]