毒死蜱和丁硫克百威对香蕉根际土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Chlorpyrifos and Carbosulfan on Soil Enzymes Activity in Banana Rhizosphere

作　　者：赵志强[1,2] 侯宪文[2] 李勤奋[2] 邓晓[2] 李光义[2] 陈秋波[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南儋州571737 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第B03期98-103,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40961024);海南省自然科学基金项目(808192);中国热带农业科学院环植所博士科研启动基金项目(Hzs0804)

摘　　要：在大田试验中研究了毒死蜱和丁硫克百威两种农药对香蕉园土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明，毒死蜱和丁硫克百威在施人土壤初期对4种土壤酶活性有明显影响。毒死蜱和丁硫克百威两种农药都对脲酶和淀粉酶活性有抑制作用；对磷酸酶活性表现为先抑制后激活。毒死蜱对过氧化氢酶活性有激活作用，而丁硫克百威对过氧化氢酶活性作用表现为“抑制-激活-抑制”的趋势。施用毒死蜱后，4种土壤酶活性都可在1～2周内恢复到对照水平；施用丁硫克百威后，土壤脲酶、磷酸酶和淀粉酶活性都在1～2周内恢复到对照水平，而过氧化氢酶活性需要4周才能恢复。毒死蜱和丁硫克百威对4种酶活性的影响在短时间内恢复，说明这两种农药对土壤酶活性不会造成严重危害。Effects of chlorpyrifos and carbosulfan on the soil enzymes activity of banana plantation were studied in this experiment. The results indicated that distinct effects of two pesticides on the soil enzymes activity were showed in the early stage. The effects went as follows： Urease activity and amylase activity were inhibited, while phospbatase activity was firstly inhibited then activated by both pesticides. For the activity of catalase, activation was exhibted by chlorpyrifos and the trend of inhibition -activation -inhibition was performed by carbosulfan. Duration when pesticide interacted with the soil enzyme was different： Response time of chlorpyrifos with four soil enzymes was 1 - 2 weeks ; interaction time of carbosulfan with urease , amylase and phosphatase was 1 -2 weeks, which was 4 weeks when carbosulfan interacted with catalase. In a word, the time during which both pesticides affected the activity of four soil enzymes was relatively short and the influenced enzymes activity were resumable. It proved that there were no practical harmful of soil enzymes activity under normal concentrations of chlorpyrifos and carbosulfan in this area of agro - environment .

关 键 词：毒死蜱 丁硫克百威 根际土壤 酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]