有机无机配施对土壤养分环境及小麦增产稳定性的影响  

The Effect of NPK Fertilizer Combined with Soil Organic Manure on Soil Nutrition and Wheat Yield Increasing

作　　者：邢素丽[1] 韩宝文[1] 刘孟朝[1] 徐明岗[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,石家庄050051 [2]中国农科院农业资源与区划所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第B03期135-140,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2008BADA4B07);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD02A14);河北省自然基金项目(D2008001183)

摘　　要：针对太行山山前平原生态类型区土壤有机质含量和土壤氮储量偏低，增产潜力下降和稳定性差等问题，在河北省辛集市马兰农场进行小麦培肥定位试验，研究化肥和有机肥配施对土壤有机质和NPK养分的影响。结果表明，化肥配合有机肥施用对土壤养分环境的培肥作用，优于化肥配合等养分含量的秸秆直接还田。相对不施肥的对照，不同肥力地块土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、速效钾分别增加14．59％～19．2％、5．7％-14．81％、10．38％-24．30％、8．63％～10．89％、93．19％～107．24％、17．69％-55．18％，小麦产量增加75．64％～79．7％，增稳系数增加3．03—3．19。在太行山山前平原区，一般施用量在化肥N210kg·hm^-2，P2O5 90kg·hm^-2，K2O 90kg·hm^-2，有机肥折合养分含量在N65k·hm^-2，P2O5 18kg·hm^-2，K2O5 6kg·hm^-2，有机C量1500—3000kg·hm^-2，可达到稳定增进土壤氮磷钾养分环境，改善土壤有机质状况，稳定增加小麦产量的积极培肥作用。To tackle the problems such as lower soil organic matter concentration, lower soil N reserves, descending yield in- creasing potential and lower yield stability in Taihang Piedmont Plain, study the effect of NPK fertilizer combined organic ma- nure on soil organic matter concentration and soil nutrient concentration such as nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, indict the specified quantity. Field experiments are executed in Malan farm, Xinji, Hebei. Result shows that NPK fertilizer combined organic manure is better than NPK fertlizer combined corn straw with equal nutrient quantity. For different base fertilizer plots, compared wth the CK with no fertilization, soil organic matter, total N, available N, total P, available P and available K in- creased respectively within 14.59% - 19.2%, 5.7% - 14.81%, 10.38% - 24.30% , 8.63% - 10.89%, 93.19% - 107.24% and 17.69% -55.18% in concentration. Yield increased within 75.64% - 79.7%. the yield increasing stability index increased within 3.03 - 3.19. In area of Taihang Piedmont Plain, the fertilization rates in fertilizer N 210 kg ·hm^-2, P2O5 90 kg ·hm^-2, K2O 90 kg·hm^-2 ,manure N 65 kg ·hm^-2, P2O5 18 kg·hm^-2 ,K2O 56 kg·hm^-2 ,manure C 1 500 kg·hm^-2- 3 000 kg ·hm^-2, can enhance stably soil nutrition environment, increase soil organic maure, increase wheat yield.

关 键 词：有机无机配施 土壤有机质 土壤养分环境 小麦 增产稳定性 

分 类 号：S147.34[农业科学—肥料学]