青铜峡灌区农业非点源污染控制措施及其效果分析  

Control Measures of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Qingtongxia Irrigation District and Effects Analysis

作　　者：李强坤[1,2] 孙娟[1] 胡亚伟[1] 陈伟伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003 [2]水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,郑州450003

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第B03期141-144,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50879027;90610030);黄河水利科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(JBYWZ-2009-13);水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室开放基金(2009004)

摘　　要：农业非点源污染已成为当前影响水体环境质量的主要因子之一,对农业非点源污染控制措施的研究十分迫切和必要。青铜峡灌区农业非点源污染研究和相关监测试验表明,水分是当地农业非点源污染物产生和迁移的主要动力和载体,灌溉过程中应当加强田间水分管理,实施节水灌溉和控制排水,为改善田间土壤养分结构,强调实行和推广田间测土配方施肥技术。农田排水沟渠在输送农田排水的同时具有人工湿地的生态功效,可以充分利用生态工程技术降解吸附农田排水中的污染物,避免污染外界水体。Recently, along with the highlighted water environmental issues and relatively improving control standards of the point source pollution, non -point source pollution（ NSP）, agricultural non -point source pollution problem especially caused by heavy use chemical fertilizers and pesticides has aroused great concern and attention. Thus, the research on control measures of agricultural non - point source pollution has been an extraordinarily exigent problem. This paper, taking the Qingtongxia Irrigation District at the Yellow River upstream as an example, based on the monitor experiment material from the Qingtongxia Irrigation District typical experimental area, according the different migration characteristics of ＂Sources＂ and ＂Sinks＂ links, different control measures were put forward in ＂Sources＂ and ＂Sinks＂ links. There into, ＂Sources＂ link control measures include： saving irrigation, controlled drainage in paddy field and scientific fertilization technique etc; for ＂Sinks＂ links, the ecological structure and each component ecological functions of the drainage system ditch wetland were discussed, the migration transformation mechanism in drainage ditches system of nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed. At last, the feasibility and further research problems still needed to about drainage resource utilization were analyzed.

关 键 词：农业非点源污染 节水灌溉 控制排水 配方施肥 生态工程 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]