不同有机肥处理对设施菜地土壤硝态氮分布影响  

Effects of Different Organic Manure Fertilization on NO_3^--N Distribution in Greenhouse Soil

作　　者：张迪[1,2] 牛明芬[1] 王少军[1,2] 赵牧秋[2] 王俊[2] 史奕[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168 [2]中科院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳110016

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第B03期156-161,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA7B08);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCXZ-YW-N-037)

摘　　要：以辽宁省新民市某设施蔬菜生产基地土壤为研究对象,通过设置5个不同有机肥处理的实验小区,系统研究了不同的有机肥施入量(0~60 t.hm-2)在黄瓜和豆角生长期间对0~40 cm土层土壤NO3--N含量的影响,以及在黄瓜和豆角分别收获后土壤剖面NO3--N垂直分布特征。结果表明,土壤NO3--N含量的动态变化与植株的生长发育和有机肥施用水平关系密切。5月份,0~40 cm土壤各个土层的硝酸盐含量均高于其他时期;对于不同的施肥水平,当施肥量为60 t.hm-2时0~40 cm各个土层的土壤硝态氮含量均高于其他处理。土壤剖面NO3--N含量分布特征表明,低量有机肥的施入不会引起NO3--N在深层土壤的累积和淋溶,但会导致填闲作物生长过程中氮素供给的不足;当有机肥的施入量为60 t.hm-2时,0~120 cm土层出现了不同程度的淋溶现象。A field plot experiment was conducted in Xinmin suburb to study the effects of different applying organic manure （0 - 60 t · hm^-2 ） on NO3^ - - N distribution and the vertical distribution of NO3^ - - N in soil depth profile in greenhouse soil. Five treatments （0,10,20,40 and 60 t · hm^-2 of organic manure）were installed. The results showed that the distribution characteristics of NO3^ - - N in soil were affected by the growth stage of plants and the application rate of organic manure. The NO3^ - - N content in 0 - 40 cm soil layer was higher than the other growth stages in May. For different applying organic manure, when the application rate of organic manure was 60 t · hm^-2 , the NO3^ - - N content in 0 - 40 cm soil layer was the highest. In the latest growth stages, the low application rate of organic manure could not lead to the accumulation and eluviation in deep - seat soil, but could cause insufficient supply of nitrogen on crops during their growth. When the applying organic manure was 60 t · hm^-2 , there were some different degrees about eluviations in the soil of 0 - 120 cm.

关 键 词：设施菜地 有机肥 硝态氮 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]