直驱式风力发电机无位置传感器矢量控制  

Position sensorless vector control for direct-drive wind power generator

作　　者：贺艳晖[1] 王跃[1] 吴金龙[1] 胡维昊[1] 王兆安[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电气工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2010年第3期31-38,44,共9页Electric Machines and Control

摘　　要：为满足低压大功率输出的要求,直驱式风力发电系统采用双三相永磁同步发电机和变流器并联技术相结合的拓扑结构。针对位置传感器故障率高、易受干扰等问题,在风力发电机功率控制的基础上提出一种双三相永磁同步发电机无位置传感器矢量控制算法。根据矢量空间解耦原理建立双三相永磁同步发电机的数学模型。利用模型参考自适应系统估计发电机转速,依据波波夫超稳定理论推导出自适应律,分析发电机参数变化对速度估计的影响。通过对电机定子直流励磁获得转子初始位置。仿真和实验结果表明该算法能实现风力发电机可靠起动,有很好的速度跟踪性能和稳态精确度,使发电机能在额定风速下最大限度获取风能,并能稳定运行于恒速和恒功率区域,且对发电机参数变化不敏感,算法计算量小。To meet the requirement for the low-vohage and high-power output, direct-drive wind power generation system employed the topology which combines the dual-three phase permanent magnet synchronous generator （DTP-PMSG） and parallel converter technique. For the issues of position sensors, such as high failure rate and vulnerability to interference, a position sensorless vector control scheme was proposed on the basis of power control of wind power generators. The mathematic model of DTP-PMSG was built according to vector space decomposition theory. Model reference adaptive system （MRAS） was used to estimate generator speed and the adaptive law was obtained according to Popov super stability ttleory. Furthermore, the effect of generator parameter deviation on speed estimation was analyzed. Rotor initial position was determined by exciting stator windings with direct current. Simulation and experimental resuits show that the proposed control scheme is able to reliably realize generator starting. Moreover, it has good performance in speed tracking and high steady accuracy. Thereby, wind power generator can capture maximum wind energy below rated wind speed and run stably in constant speed and constant power regions. In addition, the proposed scheme is simple and robust to the errors of generator parameters.

关 键 词：直驱式风力发电系统 功率控制 双三相永磁同步发电机 矢量空间解耦 无位置传感器矢量控制 模型参考自适应系统 波波夫超稳定理论 转子初始位置 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机] TM614