杂交肉牛精料喂量对日增重的影响  

Effect of Concentrate Amount on Daily Gain of Cross Bred Beef Cattle

作　　者：孙建全[1] 游伟[1] 成海健[1] 王星凌[1] 毕云霞 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,山东济南250100 [2]东营市畜牧局,山东东营257091

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2010年第3期93-95,共3页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题"奶牛精细饲养管理应用技术研究"部分内容

摘　　要：选用不同月龄的断奶杂交公犊（5～7月龄）和周岁公牛（12～15月龄）各30头,以青贮玉米秸为主要粗饲料, 测定杂交肉牛每100 kg活体重精料喂量为0.50～1.71 kg范围的最佳精料重比和适宜日增重。断奶公犊和周岁公牛各设3个处理,每处理10头牛,每100 kg活体重精料喂量范围分别为1.15～1.71 kg和0.50～1.03 kg。精料喂量偏低的公牛组加饲新鲜粮食酒糟。经过144 d和105 d的饲养试验,每100 kg活体重精料喂量1.71 kg的公犊组,虽日增重最高（1.13 kg）,但精料重比最差（5.00∶1）,精料喂量0.5 kg加饲酒糟0.85 kg的公牛组,虽精料重比最好,为2.37∶1,但日增重最低（0.75 kg） （ p0.05）,组间公牛生长性能均衡（见表2）。公犊和公牛饲喂不同精料喂量的试验结果见表3。公犊试验的3个实际精料喂量符合原设计。公牛试验第2组由于精料蛋白质含量高和加饲新鲜酒糟,生长快,精料的实际喂量略低于原设计。在每100 kg活体重精料喂量1.71～0.50 kg范围内,精料喂量加大,日增重提高,但公犊3组间差异不显著（p〉0.05）;公牛第1组与第2组差异也不显著,二者与第3组差异显著（p〈0.05）;精料喂量加大,精料重比变差（p〈0.05）。The optimum feed gain ratio and daily gain with 1.15 - 1.71 kg concentrates for 30 cross - bred beef calves （5 -7 months old） and 0.5 - 1.03 kg concentrates for 30 beef bulls （ 12 - 15 months old） per 100 kg live body weight were measured with the ensiled corn stalk as the main roughage. There were 3 treatments and 10 cattle per treatment for the beef calves and bulls, respectively. The cross bred beef calves were raised for 144 d and the beef bulls for 105 d. For the beef calves, fed 1.71 kg concentrates per 100 kg live body weight, the daily gain （1.13 kg） was the highest, whereas the feed gain ratio （5.00：1 ） was the worst. For the beef bulls, fed O. 50 kg concentrates and O. 85 kg distillers grain, the daily gain （0.75 kg） was the lowest, but the feed gain ratio （2.37： 1 ） was the best. When the beef calves and beer bulls fed 1. 15 kg and 1.03 kg concentrates per 100 kg live body weight respectively, the daily gain was 1.02 kg and 0. 98 kg, the feed gain ratio was 3.55： 1 and 3.94： 1, the net meat percentage was 51.0% and 51.9%, re- spectively. In conclusion, the beef bulls fed 0.69 kg concentrates and 0.53 kg distillers＇grain per 100 kg live body weight reached the best production perfomance with the daily gain of 0.97 kg, the feed gain ratio of 2.68： 1, the NEg of 26.35 MJ,the CP of 0.99 kg and the total feed cost of 7.39 yuan per unit gain.

关 键 词：杂交肉牛 精料喂量 增重效果 饲料成本 

分 类 号：S823.924.2[农业科学—畜牧学]