黑龙江龙口自然保护区黑熊春季生境选择  

Habitat Selection of Black Bears in Spring in Longkou Nature Reserve

作　　者：陈洋[1] 夏茜[1] 王文[1,2] 沈广爽[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]北京麋鹿苑,北京100076

出　　处：《野生动物》2010年第2期63-68,共6页

基　　金：国家林业局项目黑熊栖息地适宜性分析及可持续保护管理对策(编号:02041325901)

摘　　要：分别于2008年4～5月和2009年4～5月,在龙口自然保护区对黑熊春季生境选择进行了研究,野外工作共设置87个10 m×10 m样方,并调查12个生态因子,其中利用样方41个,对照样方46个。通过Vanderploeg &Scavia选择指数得到,黑熊喜爱选择处于高海拔(>450 m)、上坡位有石砬子且草本盖度适中(10%～40%)的生境,倾向选择乔木密度高(>10株/100 m^2)、郁闭度大(>40%)、灌木密度较低(<10%)、隐蔽级低(<30%)、倒木密度大(>1根/100 m^2)、陡坡(>30°)且向阳的针阔混交林。主成分分析与资源选择函数分析共同得到海拔、坡度、坡位、植被类型对黑熊生境选择影响较大,坡向和倒木密度影响较小的结果。综合分析,将Vanderploeg & Scavia选择指数、主成分分析与资源选择函数相结合可以更好地反映黑熊生境选择情况。Habitat selection of black bears in spring was surveyed from April to May,2008 and 2009,in Longkou Nature Reserve, Heilongjiang,by setting 87 quadrates of 10×10 m2,41 quadrates for survey and 46 quadrates for control;12 factors were investigated and analyzed by Vanderploeg ＆ Scavia selection index.Results showed that habitats selected were located at high altitude more than 450 m,with coverage of herbage 10%to 40%,density of trees more than 10/100 m2,with canopy more than 40%,shrubbery below 10%,sheltering class below 30%,density of fallen trees 1/100 m2 and gradient more than 30 degree.Besides Vanderploeg and Scavia selection index,principal analysis and resource selection function were applied also for better reflection the habitat selection of the animal.

关 键 词：黑熊 生境 Vanderploeg & Scavia选择指数 主成分分析 资源选择函数 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]