不同生态条件下高原玉米产量的源库关系  

A study on “source” and “storage”of yield of plateau corn in different ecological conditions.

作　　者：吴盛黎[1,2,3] 顾明 宋碧[1,2,3] 徐立 余世洪[1,2,3] 王有荣 彭玉淑 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学系 [2]毕节市农业局 [3]大方县农业局

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》1998年第5期249-256,297,共9页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：毕节地区百万亩粮食高产综合配套技术研究及应用课题

摘　　要：不同海拔、不同土壤、不同气候条件下，玉米不同密度处理剪叶和剪穗（减源和减库）对产量有明显影响。中海拔点（１２００～１５００ｍ）不同密度减叶和剪穗，产量差异均达１％的极显著水平；高海拔点（１２００ｍ以上）不同密度处理间产量达５％的显著水平，剪叶剪穗处理产量达１％极显著水平。不同生态条件下剪叶比对照单株减产３４％～８％，每６６７ｍ２减产９３％～２６４％。不同密度剪叶，中海拔点减产８％～３０９％，高海拔点减产１１８％～２５％；不同生态条件下剪穗，单株减产４５％～４６％，每６６７ｍ２减产１２％～５１２％。不同密度剪穗，中海拔点减产２７７％～５９５％，高海拔点减产１２８％～５１２％。尽管土壤、气候等生态条件有一定差异，但中、高海拔不同试点的产量高低与花后干物质（源），总粒数（库）关系密切，减源减库均导致减产。但两者相比减库减产更大。A study on leaf-cut and ear-cut by using a variety of plateau corn “Guibi 301” was conducted in different conditions. The results show that leaf-cut and ear-cut (reduction of “source”and “storage”) in different planting densities affect yield obviously under different conditions of altitude, soil and weather. The yield differentces of leaf-cut and ear-cut in different densities at mid-altitude reach 1% very significant level; The yields in different densities reach 5% significant leuel; The leaf-cut and ear-cut reach 1% very significant level at high altitude.Yields dropped by 3.4%-8%and 9 3%-26 4% respectively a single plant and per mu compared with control in different ecological conditions. Leaf-cut in different densities makes yield drop by 8%-30.9% at mid-altitude and 11.8%-25% at high altitude. To a single plant and per mu, ear-cut in different ecological conditions makes yield drop by 45%-46.6% and 12%-51.2% respectively. Ear-cut in different densities makes yield drop by 27.7%-59.3% at mid-altitude and 12.8%-51.2% at high altitude. Despite differences of soil and weather etc, the yields at different plants at mid and high altitude are affected by dry matter (after flowering) and total number of seed(“storage”)obviously, Reduction of “source”and “storage”both result in yield loss, especially reduction of “storage”.Therefore in the area of high altitude,“storage”is a major constraint of yield. To inerease yield, it must increase “storage”.

关 键 词：高原地区试验 玉米 减源 减库 增源扩库 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]