国际法与比较法视野中的水权研究  

RESEARCH ON WATER RIGHT IN THE DIMENSION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND COMPARISON LAW

作　　者：彭峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院法学研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2010年第3期287-291,共5页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家社科基金2008年度青年项目<环境知情权保护研究>(08CFX048);教育部人文社科规划基金项目<环境知情权保护立法研究>(07JA820043)

摘　　要：水权是一项基本人权。目前,许多国际公约、地区性人权公约已开始确认水权。许多国家将水权作为一项基本人权提升到宪法中加以确认。在欧洲国家中,如比利时、西班牙、法国、卢森堡、挪威、罗马尼亚、瑞士等,欧洲以外的国家包括南非、摩洛哥、尼日尔、新西兰、乌拉圭等。国际法、人权法和各国宪法承认水权已经成为一种趋势。然而,水权隐含着对公共权力的限制,一些国家并不希望支持这项权利。我国宪法并不承认水权是一项基本人权,而财产法意义上的水使用权显然与国际公约、地方性条约与各国宪法中所普遍承认的作为人权的水权概念是完全不同的。2008年新修改的《水污染防治法》主要是命令式的管理制度安排,对有关公民权利的内容仍然是倾向于义务性的。Water right is a basic human right.Some international treaties and regional human right treaties have began to affirm the water right.Water right is also affirmed as a human right in the constitutions of the several countries.For example,in the Europe country,such as Belgium,Spain,France,Luxembourg,Norway,Romania,Switzerland,and out of Europe,such as South Africa,Morocco,Niger,New Zealand,Uruguay etc.It becomes a trend that the human right law and the constitutions start recognizing the water right.Water right implies the limitation of the public power.Therefore,some countries are not actively supporting the right.That our country constitution does not admit water right is one basic human rights,but that the water right to use on the property law is clear with what be admitted that commonly water right as human rights evidently with international conventions,region treaties and every country constitution is completely different.In 2008 the newly amended ＂Water Pollution Control Act＂ is arranged by a command-style management system,and the content about civil rights is still tended to the compulsory.Our constitution should acknowledge the water right.

关 键 词：水权 人权 宪法 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]