大丰麋鹿保护区不同生境梯度下滩涂湿地植被的群落特征  

Community characteristics of beach wetland vegetations along a habitat gradient in Dafeng Milu Reserve of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：赵小雷[1] 凌云[1] 张光富[1] 解生彬 华卫建[3] 丁玉华[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏省生物多样性与生物技术重点实验室,南京210046 [2]江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区,江苏大丰224100 [3]江苏教育学院,南京210013

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第2期244-249,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏省普通高校自然科学研究计划资助项目(08KJB180005)

摘　　要：以江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区第三核心区内的滩涂湿地植被为对象,采用样线法结合样方法进行野外调查,并采用等级聚类分析、主成分分析(PCA)和Shannon-Wiener物种多样性、Simpson生态优势度、Pielou群落均匀度等指数分析群落特征。结果表明,34个样地共有植物5科11属11种,划分为5种群落类型,群落优势种明显,伴生种较少,种类组成单调,均为草本植物;从近海至近岸滩涂湿地植被的分布呈现出较为明显的规律性变化:互花米草群落→碱蓬群落→大穗结缕草群落→芦苇群落→白茅群落,其物种多样性、生态优势度和群落均匀度均较低,物种丰富度呈现出由低到高再降低的趋势;PCA和植物生理特性分析结果暗示,土壤盐分梯度是影响植物群落分布的主要因素。Line transect and plot sampling methods were applied to investigate the beach wetland vegetations in the third core area of Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province,and principal component analysis （PCA）,hierarchical cluster analysis,and several diversity indices were adopted to analyze the community characteristics of the vegetations. In 34 sampling plots,a total of 11 species were recorded,belonging to 5 families and 11 genera. The vegetations could be classified into 5 communities,with marked dominant species of herbaceous and few accompanying species. From near-sea to in-shore,the distribution of the beach wetland vegetations was Spartina alterniflora community→Suaeda glauca community→Zoysia macrostachya community→Phragmites australis community→Imperata cylindrica var. major community. All the communities had low species diversity index,ecological dominance index,and community evenness index,and their species richness had a trend of increasing first,decreasing then,and increasing later. The results of PCA indicated that soil salinity was one of the most important factors affecting the community distribution.

关 键 词：大丰 滩涂湿地植被 物种多样性 聚类分析 PCA 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]