棕鞭藻对蛋白核小球藻的摄食及其营养策略  

Grazing and trophic strategy of Ochromonas sp.on Chlorella pyrenoidosa

作　　者：李凤超[1] 王福强[1] 张富华[1] 曹卫荣[1] 康现江[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第3期539-542,共4页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：河北大学博士基金项目(2007096);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2009000172)

摘　　要：在研究稻草秸秆对蛋白核小球藻（Chlorella pyrenoidosa）的化感作用时,偶然发现一株对蛋白核小球藻具有强烈的取食作用的鞭毛虫,能有效抑制小球藻的大量繁殖。经形态学观察,该种鞭毛虫具有2片淡黄色色素体,片状、周生;虫体呈球形、椭圆形或卵形,能变形,具2根不等长的鞭毛,从细胞顶部伸出;长鞭毛约为虫体的1.5倍,短鞭毛约为虫体的0.5倍;对蛋白核小球藻的吞噬能力极强,每个虫体可以吞噬3-4个小球藻,虫体大小因吞噬物的多少变化较大。初步确定这种鞭毛虫为棕鞭藻（Ochromonas sp.）。在SE、稻草以及麦粒3种培养基中的种群生长表明,这种棕鞭藻在麦粒培养基最易培养,生长速度最快。结果表明,这种棕鞭藻为混合营养类型,但以吞噬营养为主。When we studied the allelopathic effects of rice straw on the growth of microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa,a flagellate strain which could strongly graze on C.pyrenoidosa and effectively inhibit the population growth of C.pyrenoidosa was incidentally isolated.The flagellate had two yellow chloroplasts,cell spherical or oval,sometimes metamorphic,and usually free-swimming but occasionally attaching to surfaces with posterior end.The flagellate had two unequal flagella.The longer flagellum was about 1.5 times as the length of the cell,and the shorter one was about half times as the length of the cell.The flagellate showed strong phagocytic capacity on C.pyrenoidosa.Each flagellate could simultaneously swallow 3-4 cells of C.pyrenoidosa,and its body size changed greatly with the quantity of food swallowed.From the morphological features,this flagellate was identified as a species of Ochromonas.The growth curves of the Ochromonas sp.population on three different culture media（SE,rice straw,and wheat grain）showed that wheat grain medium was optimum for the population growth.Based on our results,the trophic strategy of Ochromonas sp.was of mixotrophy,but phaghotrophy was the main mode.

关 键 词：鞭毛虫 棕鞭藻 蛋白核小球藻 混合营养 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]