东北地区植被物候对气候变化的响应  

Responses of vegetation phenology in Northeast China to climate change

作　　者：国志兴[1,2,3] 张晓宁[2,3,4] 王宗明[5] 方伟华[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [3]民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875 [4]民政部救灾司,北京100721 [5]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第3期578-585,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40601002;40871187);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD20B03)

摘　　要：使用1982—2003年GIMMS-NDVI数据和气候数据,借助GIS空间分析和统计分析方法,分析了东北地区不同植被物候期与气候变化的关系。结果表明:22年东北地区年均温度以升高趋势为主,年降水量以减少趋势为主;针叶林、针阔叶混交林、阔叶林、草甸和沼泽植被生长季开始日期提前受春季温度升高影响显著(P<0.05)。春季降水对植被生长季开始日期变化影响较小,仅对针叶林生长季开始日期的推迟有显著的影响(P<0.05)。植被生长季结束日期受温度变化影响较小,仅草原植被生长季结束日期提前受秋季温度降低影响显著(P<0.05)。降水对东北地区植被生长季结束日期的变化影响高于温度。随着秋季降水量的减少,针阔叶混交林、草原和农田植被生长季结束日提前(P<0.05)。草丛生长季结束日期提前受夏季降水减少的影响显著(P<0.05);农田生长季结束日期提前亦受夏季和9月降水量减少的显著影响(P<0.05)。阔叶林和沼泽植被生长季延长受春季温度升高影响显著(P<0.05);灌丛植被生长季缩短受春季降水量减少影响显著(P<0.05);草丛和农田植被生长季延长受夏季降水量增加影响显著(P<0.05)。Based on the 1982-2003 GIMMS-NDVI and meteorological data,and by using GIS spatial analysis and statistical methods,the responses of vegetation phenology in Northeast China to climate change were analyzed.From 1982 to 2003,the annual mean temperature in Northeast China had an increasing trend,while the annual mean precipitation was in reverse.The elevated temperature in spring advanced the beginning dates of the growth seasons of the vegetations in coniferous forest,coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest,broadleaved forest,meadow,and swamp（P〈0.05）,while the precipitation in spring only postponed the beginning date of the growth season of the vegetation in coniferous forest（P〈0.05）.Temperature had less effects on the ending dates of the vegetations growth seasons except that the declined temperature in autumn advanced the ending dates of the growth seasons of grasses（P〈0.05）.Compared with temperature,precipitation had more effects on the ending dates of the vegetations growth seasons.Due to the decreased precipitation in autumn,the ending dates of the growth seasons of the vegetations in coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest,grassland,and cropland were advanced（P〈0.05）,while those of the growth seasons of grass-forb communities advanced（P〈0.05）.The ending dates of crop growth seasons were advanced by the declined precipitation in summer and September（P〈0.05）.The warmer temperature in spring prolonged the growth seasons of the vegetations in broadleaved forest and swamp（P〈0.05）.The declined precipitation in spring shortened the growth seasons of shrubs（P〈0.05）,while the increased precipitation in summer prolonged the growth seasons of grass-forb communities and crops（P〈0.05）.

关 键 词：NDVI LOGISTIC方程 物候 气候变化 东北地区 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]