广西白头叶猴栖息地特征  

Habitat characteristics of Presbytis leucocephalus in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：黄万辉[1] 潘文石[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学崇左生物多样性研究基地,广西崇左532206

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第3期605-610,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：北京大学崇左生物多样性研究基地建设项目(985);西南喀斯特山地石漠化与适应性生态系统调控(973)资助项目(2006CB403200)

摘　　要：白头叶猴是我国独有的灵长类物种,其栖息地十分狭小而分散。典型的热带喀斯特峰丛洼地-峰丛谷地地貌组合,特殊的石灰岩季雨林或次生植被和多种石灰土构成的"石山"景观,与周边的"土山"景观有明显区别。环境的异质性和不连续性,使之成为边界明显但又互相隔离的同质性"斑块",为穴居和过群居生活的白头叶猴提供了至关重要的生存空间。白头叶猴这一适应于热带气候,善攀爬、植食性和穴居习性的物种,选择低峰丛洼地-峰丛谷地作为适宜的栖息地,是在长期进化过程中生态适应的结果。目前,白头叶猴仅分布于几处互相隔离的地块。近几十年来,由于人类活动的强烈干扰,使其栖息地急速缩小和更加分散。只有正确处理人地关系、人与野生动物的关系,禁止"石山"地区的过度开发,维持这一自然综合体的完整性和保持景观异质性,白头叶猴才有生存的可能和发展的机会。Presbytis leucocephalus is an endemic species only found in China.Its habitats are quite narrow and disperse.In Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,the ＂karst rocky mountain＂ landscape composed of many kinds of limestone and special limestone monsoon forest or secondary vegetation is a typical tropical karst geomorphologic assemblage of cluster-peak depression and cluster valley,and different from the ＂earthy mountain＂ landscape around.Environmental heterogeneity and uncontinuity make the ＂karst rocky mountain＂ landscape become isolated and homogeneous patches with clear boundaries,being able to provide critical living space for P.leucocephalus in cave-and group-living.P.leucocephalus is a species adaptable to tropical climate,good at climbing,phytophagy,and cave-living.It chooses low karst cluster-peak depression and cluster valley as its suitable habitat,which is the result of its ecological adaptation in its long-term evolution process.At present,P.leucocephalus only distributes in several isolated areas.In recent decades,due to the intense disturbance of human activities,the habitat size of P.leucocephalus reduces rapidly,and the habitat distribution becomes much more disperse.Only by properly handling the man-land relationship and the man-wild animal relationship,forbidding the over-exploitation of ＂karst rock mountain＂ areas,and maintaining the integrity and landscape heterogeneity of this natural complex,can P.leucocephalus have the survival possibility and development opportunity.

关 键 词：白头叶猴 栖息地 峰丛洼地 人类活动 保护 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]